基于移动监测的城市道路交通碳排放形成机理——以上海市为例

发布时间：2018-04-14 20:07

本文选题：交通工程 + 交通碳排放因子　；参考：《中国公路学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：为了探究不同维度下交通碳排放的形成机理,明确影响交通碳排放的主要因素,研究运用多维度移动监测设备,构建了城市交通碳排放移动监测体系,并选取典型路网采集了道路、交通、气象、交通碳排放及行驶特征等信息。在微观层面,运用皮尔逊相关分析和Granger因果检验,揭示了转速、比功率参数相较速度、加速度,与车辆碳排放间存在更明显的相关性。在中观层面,运用移动监测结果对MOVES机动车排放模型进行参数标定,并运用克隆巴赫系数验证了模型可靠性;运用敏感度分析考察道路等级对机动车排放因子的影响,结果显示道路等级显著影响排放因子,从而针对各等级道路分别计算平均排放因子。在此基础上,从宏观层面考虑了不同机动车类型在不同等级道路的行驶比例,针对已有机动车碳排放模型进行了修正。研究结果显示:2014年上海市小汽车CO_2,CO,HC排放总量分别为8 271.91,76.95,2.13kt;其中,行驶里程占总里程41%的城市主干路排放分担率超过50%;道路等级是机动车排放因子的重要影响因素,城市主干路作为城市中最主要的碳排放线源,应当成为实施碳排放控制策略的重点区域。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the formation mechanism of traffic carbon emissions under different dimensions and to clarify the main factors affecting traffic carbon emissions, a mobile monitoring system for urban traffic carbon emissions was constructed by using multi-dimensional mobile monitoring equipment.The typical road network is selected to collect the information of road, traffic, meteorology, traffic carbon emission and driving characteristics.At the micro level, Pearson correlation analysis and Granger causality test are used to reveal that there is a more obvious correlation between vehicle carbon emissions and rotational speed, acceleration than power parameters.At the mesoscopic level, the MOVES vehicle emission model is calibrated by moving monitoring results, and the reliability of the model is verified by using the Kronbach coefficient, and the influence of road grade on vehicle emission factors is investigated by sensitivity analysis.The results show that the road grade has a significant impact on the emission factor, so the average emission factor is calculated for each grade road.On this basis, the driving ratio of different vehicle types on different grade roads is considered from the macro level, and the existing vehicle carbon emission model is modified.The results show that in 2014, the total emission of CO2CHCs from cars in Shanghai is 8271.91 / 76.95 / 2.13ktrespectively, among which, the urban trunk road with driving mileage accounting for 41% of the total mileage is more than 50 percent of the total mileage, and the road grade is an important factor affecting the emission factors of motor vehicles.As the most important source of carbon emission, urban trunk roads should be the key areas for the implementation of carbon emission control strategies.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学海洋工程国家重点实验室;上海交通大学中国城市治理研究院;上海交通大学智能交通与无人机应用研究中心;福州市规划设计研究院;上海交通大学可持续人居环境研究中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目(16ZDA048) 北京大学-林肯研究院城市发展与土地政策研究中心研究基金项目(FS05-20161101-SJ) 上海市哲学社会科学“十二五”一般课题项目(2014BGL009)
【分类号】：U491.92

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