基于元胞自动机的两轮车流建模与仿真

发布时间：2018-04-19 12:30

本文选题：两轮车辆 + 元胞自动机模型　；参考：《江西理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在一些城市特别是中小城市中,道路上大量存在两轮车辆,如人力自行车、电动自行车、摩托车等,为了减少两轮车与机动车混行而产生的摩擦干扰以及意外事故,相关部门在机动车道两侧设置了两轮车专用道。由于两轮车各自驾驶行为、运行速度等基本特征不同,它们混合在一起形成的两轮车流,给交通管理与控制带来了一定的难度,同时也易形成交通事故,造成人员伤亡。因此,建立符合实际的交通流模型来研究两轮车流的交通特性,分析两轮车专用道交通问题产生的原因,并针对其原因提出相应的改进措施,具有十分重要的意义。本文主要研究内容为:首先研究了两轮车的基本参数,包括两轮车的尺寸、速度、出行比例、加速度、制动距离等参数,然后对两轮车骑车人的骑行特性以及两轮车流特性进行了分析,在此基础上,引入两轮车一般换道规则、鸣笛换道规则、激进换道规则,并与改进的NS模型耦合起来,建立了两轮车流元胞自动机模型。同时,定义混合比例这个变量对三种车所占的比例进行了定量刻画。研究了混合系数及鸣笛换道行为、激进换道行为等因素对两轮车交通流的影响。其次,针对逆行车辆混入后的两轮车行驶特性,考虑逆向及正向行驶车辆遵循不同的换道规则,建立一种混入逆行车辆的两轮车元胞自动机模型。研究了逆行车比例、换道概率等因素对两轮车流的影响。再次,针对两轮车专用道某些路段经常有行人横穿两轮车专用道这种现象,在分析行人穿越两轮车专用道运动特性以及两轮车在冲突地点的行驶特性后,建立了考虑行人横穿的两轮车专用道混合车流元胞自动机模型,通过计算机仿真,研究了行人到达率、过街位置分布、过街位置数目对交通流的影响。最后,通过虚拟线圈法进行了交通调查,并将交通调查所得两轮车流的密度-流量相关数据与上述三种模型的仿真数据进行对比,对比结果证明了模型的准确性。
[Abstract]:In some cities, especially in small and medium-sized cities, there are a large number of two-wheeled vehicles on the roads, such as human bicycles, electric bicycles, motorcycles, etc., in order to reduce the friction interference and accidents caused by two-wheeled vehicles mixed with motor vehicles,Relevant departments in the two-wheeler lane on both sides of the special lane.Because of the different driving behavior and running speed of the two wheeled vehicles, the two-wheeled vehicle flow formed by their mixing brings some difficulties to traffic management and control, at the same time, it is easy to form traffic accidents, resulting in casualties.Therefore, it is of great significance to establish a traffic flow model to study the traffic characteristics of two-wheeled traffic flow, to analyze the causes of traffic problems in two-wheeled traffic lanes, and to put forward corresponding improvement measures in view of the causes.The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the basic parameters of two-wheeled vehicle are studied, including the dimensions, speed, travel ratio, acceleration, braking distance and so on.Then, the characteristics of two-wheeled cyclists and two-wheeled vehicle flow are analyzed. On this basis, the general changing rules of two-wheeled vehicles, the siren changing rules and the radical changing rules are introduced, which are coupled with the improved NS model.The cellular automata model of two-wheel vehicle flow is established.At the same time, the proportion of three kinds of vehicles is quantitatively characterized by the variable of mixed proportion.The effects of mixing coefficient, siren changing behavior and radical changing road behavior on the traffic flow of two wheeled vehicles were studied.Secondly, according to the driving characteristics of two-wheeled vehicle after retrograde vehicle mixing, considering that reverse and forward vehicles follow different changing rules, a cellular automaton model of two-wheeled vehicle mixed with retrograde vehicle is established.The effects of the proportion of retrograde vehicles and the probability of changing lanes on the flow of two-wheeled vehicles are studied.Thirdly, in view of the phenomenon that pedestrians often cross two-wheeled lanes in some sections of two-wheeled vehicle lanes, after analyzing the movement characteristics of pedestrians passing through two-wheeled vehicle lanes and the driving characteristics of two-wheeled vehicles in conflict sites,The cellular automata model of mixed vehicle flow in two-wheeled vehicle lanes considering pedestrian crossing is established. By computer simulation, the influence of pedestrian arrival rate, crossing location distribution and the number of crossing locations on traffic flow is studied.Finally, the traffic investigation is carried out by virtual coil method, and the data of density-flow correlation are compared with the simulation data of the above three models, and the accuracy of the model is proved.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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