考虑停车容量约束的瓶颈路段通勤出行拥挤收费研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 04:24

本文选题：瓶颈模型 + 拥挤收费　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市化进程的不断加快,小汽车保有量的不断上升,城市功能分区定位的愈加清晰明显(居住区和核心商业区分开),催生了大量的跨区通勤交通,再加上核心商业区停车位的供需不平衡,从而引起早高峰时段的交通拥挤问题尤为明显。为了缓解城市交通拥挤,交通管理部门通过实施路段拥挤收费和停车需求管理来调节并引导城市交通,从而缓解早高峰时段的城市交通拥挤。本文假设在家和核心商业区办公室之间存在一条瓶颈路段,在核心商业区办公室周围有停车场,假设早高峰时段,停车场的容量能够满足所有通勤者的停车需求(无停车容量约束)和只能满足部分通勤出行者的停车需求(有停车容量约束)。通过分析无停车容量约束和有停车容量约束条件下,通勤出行者的出行路径、出行方式、出行成本以及出行过程,运用单一瓶颈路段拥挤收费模型的基础理论,建立了无停车容量约束和有停车容量约束两种条件下的瓶颈路段通勤出行拥挤收费模型,并通过分析研究,求得两种条件下的社会总成本,并通过数值算例,对比分析了两种条件下的总成本,得出了在有停车容量约束条件下,瓶颈路段实施拥挤收费时系统的社会总成本最低,说明停车容量约束条件下,实施瓶颈路段拥挤收费策略效果最优。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and the increasing number of cars, the location of urban functional zoning is becoming more and more clear. (the separation of residential area and core business district has given birth to a large number of cross-district commutes. In addition, the imbalance between the demand and supply of parking spaces in the core commercial district leads to traffic congestion during the early rush hours. In order to alleviate urban traffic congestion, traffic management departments regulate and guide urban traffic by implementing congestion charge and parking demand management to alleviate urban traffic congestion during early rush hours. This paper assumes that there is a bottleneck between the home and the office in the core business district, that there is a parking lot around the office in the core business district, and that there is an early rush hour. Parking capacity can meet the parking needs of all commuters (no parking capacity constraints) and can only meet the parking needs of partial commuters (with parking capacity constraints). By analyzing the travel path, mode, cost and process of commuter under the condition of no parking capacity constraint and parking capacity constraint, the paper applies the basic theory of single bottleneck road congestion toll model. In this paper, a congestion toll model of commuting in bottleneck section is established under the condition of no parking capacity constraint and no parking capacity constraint. Through analysis and research, the total social cost under the two conditions is obtained, and a numerical example is given. By comparing and analyzing the total cost under the two conditions, it is concluded that the total social cost of the system is the lowest under the constraint of parking capacity, which shows that the total social cost of the system is the lowest under the constraint of parking capacity. The effect of congestion tolling on bottleneck section is optimal.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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