静态控制爆破破岩断裂贯通机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 07:08

本文选题：爆破工程 + 断裂贯通机制　；参考：《爆破》2017年03期

【摘要】：针对传统破岩断裂扩展模型在扩展长度和扩展时间上的不足,采用等效方法将钻孔在平面上简化为岩体裂纹,提出了基于岩体破裂单元的静态爆破断裂力学模型。通过静态爆破压的确定,采用断裂力学计算方法,获得了钻孔裂纹尖端的应力强度因子表达式。基于Charles方程描述的静态爆破岩石临界扩展速度与应力强度因子的关系式,得到了钻孔裂纹扩展的三阶段裂纹长度表达式,该裂纹长度可有效判定静态爆破压钻孔扩展历程和扩展时间,同时可为静态爆破设计提供理论依据。某高速公路顺层岩质边坡静态爆破清除工程应用表明,裂纹扩展速度的变化规律与Charles应力腐蚀压临界扩展原理较为吻合,三阶段裂纹扩展长度分别为6.5 cm、26.9 cm、39.8 cm,在此爆破参数条件下,裂纹在第Ⅲ阶段贯通破坏,经反算得出贯通时间约9.5 h,与现场观测记录的数据相吻合。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the shortage of the traditional fracture propagation model in the extended length and time, the borehole in plane is simplified as the rock mass crack by the equivalent method, and the static blasting fracture mechanics model based on the rock mass fracture unit is proposed. The expression of stress intensity factor at the tip of borehole crack is obtained by using the method of fracture mechanics and the determination of static blasting pressure. Based on the relation between critical propagation velocity and stress intensity factor of static blasting rock described by Charles equation, the three-stage crack length expression of borehole crack propagation is obtained. The crack length can effectively judge the propagation history and propagation time of static blasting pressure drilling, and provide theoretical basis for static blasting design. The application of static blasting cleaning engineering in the bedding rock slope of a certain expressway shows that the variation law of crack propagation velocity is in good agreement with the critical propagation principle of Charles stress corrosion pressure. The propagation length of the three-stage crack is 6.5 cm ~ (-1) 26.9 cm ~ (9) cm ~ (-1) respectively. Under the condition of the blasting parameters, the crack is broken through the third stage, and the time of passing through is about 9.5 h, which is in agreement with the data recorded in the field.
【作者单位】：中国地质调查局地质灾害防治技术中心;中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所;
【基金】：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项项目(201511051) 中国地质调查项目(DD2016278)
【分类号】：U416.113

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