钢筋混凝土公路连续梁桥地震风险与抗震可恢复性分析

发布时间：2018-06-12 06:40

本文选题：地震风险 + 抗震可恢复性　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,防灾减灾的理念正在经历新的转变,可恢复性有望成为新的指导思想。以建筑抗震设计为例,不但要求建筑结构在地震来临时保障人的生命安全,业主也希望详细地了解设计方案的抗震性能、建造成本、运营维护成本、地震损失等信息。在此之上,人们逐渐认识到除了建筑的安全和相关经济考量,确保建筑物在地震后继续发挥功能,对灾后的恢复重建有着重要的意义。以人为本的理念要求尽可能使人们的生活水准不因地震而大幅下降。即使建筑结构和基础设施发生了超过预期的功能突降,也应有对应的资源、机制使其尽快恢复。抗震可恢复性可以定义为在遭受地震灾害时抵抗灾害、快速恢复、将受到的干扰降到最低的能力。当然这个过程不是不计成本的,恰恰相反,可恢复性的理念要求全面评估经济代价,不但要估计地震造成的直接经济损失,还要估计地震导致的人员伤亡损失和间接经济损失,间接经济损失包括救灾阶段的短期损失和重建阶段的长期损失。可恢复性评估作为一个刚刚建立的理论框架,其理念逐渐被广泛接受后,如何定量衡量成为新的挑战。本文通过构造功能函数将承灾体的结构损伤、初始经济损失和功能折减与恢复重建期间的经济损失、功能恢复路径联系起来,同时考虑到不同人群关心指标的差异,提出了可恢复性指标和和可恢复性效益两个决策变量,前者衡量可恢复性的能力,后者衡量可恢复性的经济效益。在此基础上,本文针对不同方案、不同可恢复性技术手段,提出了基于可恢复性理论框架的统一评价体系和决策机制。作为交通网络中的关键节点,公路桥梁的抗震可恢复性对整个地区的震后恢复重建至关重要。因此,本文选择一座公路钢筋混凝土连续梁桥为研究对象,首先进行了地震易损性分析与地震损失估计。之后结合抗震可恢复性相关理论,对该桥梁的抗震可恢复性进行了评价。希望通过本文的工作,为将来实现可恢复的基础设施、社区、城市乃至国家提供一些前期研究参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the concept of disaster prevention and disaster reduction is undergoing a new transformation, and the recoverability is expected to be a new guiding ideology. As an example, the building seismic design not only requires the building structure to ensure the life safety of the people when the earthquake comes, but also the owner wants to understand the seismic performance, construction cost, maintenance cost, earthquake loss and so on. Information. On this basis, people gradually realize that in addition to building safety and related economic considerations, ensuring that buildings continue to function after the earthquake, it is of great significance to restore and rebuild after the earthquake. The people-oriented concept requires that people's living standards do not fall by the earthquake as much as possible. Even the building structure and infrastructure are required. There should be more than expected functional landing, and there should be corresponding resources and mechanisms to restore it as soon as possible. Seismic recoverability can be defined as resistance to disasters, rapid recovery, and the ability to reduce the interference to the minimum. To estimate the economic cost, it is not only to estimate the direct economic losses caused by the earthquake, but also to estimate the loss of casualties and indirect economic losses caused by the earthquake. The indirect economic losses include the short-term losses in the disaster relief phase and the long-term loss in the reconstruction stage. By constructing functional functions, the structural damage of disaster bearing bodies, the economic loss of the initial economic loss and functional reduction, the economic loss during the restoration and reconstruction, the recovery path of the functional recovery, and the difference of the indicators of concern for different populations are taken into consideration, and the recoverability index and the recoverability are put forward by the structural function function. Two decision variables, the former measure the ability of recoverability, and the latter measure the economic benefits of recoverability. On this basis, this paper puts forward a unified evaluation system and decision machine based on the recoverable theoretical framework for different schemes and recoverable technical means. As a key node in the traffic network, the highway bridge is the key node. The seismic recoverability is very important for the restoration and reconstruction of the whole area after the earthquake. Therefore, this paper chooses a highway reinforced concrete continuous beam bridge as the research object. First, the seismic vulnerability analysis and the earthquake loss estimation are carried out. Then the seismic recoverability of the bridge is evaluated with the correlation theory of seismic recoverability. Through this work, we will provide some early research reference for the future recovery infrastructure, community, city and even the country.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U442.55

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