基于交通安全的高速公路爬坡车道设置依据研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 03:21

本文选题：高速公路爬坡路段 + 爬坡车道　；参考：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国高速公路在快速建设过程中,由于受地形、地貌、地质条件,环境保护,工程施工等因素限制,经常采用较长的纵坡或组合坡段,从而形成了爬坡路段。在爬坡路段,因大型车爬坡能力不足造成大小车之间的速度差变大,小型车加、减速频率和变道超车需求增大,极易发生追尾、侧碰等交通事故,对道路交通安全的影响很大,设置爬坡车道是解决以上问题的有效手段之一,但增设爬坡车道的施工难度与建设费用均较大,不正确的决策不但不能改善爬坡路段的交通问题,还可能造成巨大的经济损失。因此,制定科学合理的决策依据,具有重要的实际意义。通过解读现有爬坡车道设置依据发现,我国主要从通行效率方面界定设置标准,缺乏安全方面的有效性验证,且存在界定不够具体、部分条件未量化等问题,因此,本文借鉴国外的研究方法,结合我国实际情况,从交通安全方面系统研究高速公路爬坡车道的设置效果,通过论证其设置合理性和有效性,确保科学、合理地设置爬坡车道,以提升高速公路的交通安全水平。为完善我国爬坡车道设置依据,本文首先从道路条件、交通条件两个方面分析爬坡路段交通安全的影响因素,并选取基于非事故安全评价理论的交通冲突技术进行安全评价,以交通冲突率为安全评价指标,以爬坡车道设置前后的冲突率降低幅度作为爬坡车道设置有效性的评价指标。然后,选取宁杭高速东庐山段为典型爬坡路段,通过进行实地交通调查获取仿真基础数据,结合我国爬坡路段的交通实况,建立不同道路、交通条件组合下的仿真模型获得冲突数据,确定爬坡车道设置位置和设置长度,并对比设置爬坡车道前后冲突率降低幅度,将结果利用K-means聚类分析的方法分为优、良、中、差四类。最后,爬坡车道设置效果为优、良时的道路交通条件为完善爬坡车道的设置依据提出建议。
[Abstract]:In the process of rapid construction of expressway in China, due to the constraints of topography, geomorphology, geological conditions, environmental protection, engineering construction and other factors, long longitudinal slope or combined slope section is often used, thus forming a climbing section. In the slope climbing section, the speed difference between the large and small cars becomes larger because of the insufficient climbing capacity of the large vehicles. The increase of the speed and deceleration frequency of small cars and the increasing demand for overtaking by changing lanes are very easy to occur such traffic accidents as rear-end and side bumps, which have a great impact on road traffic safety. Setting up a climbing lane is one of the effective methods to solve the above problems. However, the construction difficulty and construction cost of adding a climbing lane are great. The incorrect decision can not only improve the traffic problem of the climbing road, but also cause huge economic losses. Therefore, the establishment of scientific and reasonable decision-making basis, has important practical significance. Based on the analysis of the existing uphill lane setup, it is found that our country mainly defines the setting standard from the aspect of traffic efficiency, lacks the validity verification of safety, and has some problems, such as the definition is not specific, some conditions are not quantified, and so on. Based on the research methods of foreign countries and the actual situation of our country, this paper systematically studies the setting effect of freeway climbing lane from the aspect of traffic safety, proves its rationality and effectiveness, and ensures that the climbing lane can be set up scientifically and reasonably. In order to improve the level of highway traffic safety. In order to improve the basis for setting up uphill lanes in our country, this paper first analyzes the influencing factors of traffic safety in uphill sections from two aspects: road conditions and traffic conditions, and selects the traffic conflict technology based on the theory of non-accident safety evaluation to carry out safety evaluation. The traffic conflict rate is taken as the safety evaluation index, and the decrease of the collision rate before and after the setting up of the climbing lane is taken as the evaluation index of the effectiveness of the climbing lane setting. Then, select the east Lushan section of Ninghang Expressway as the typical climbing road, through the field traffic investigation to obtain the simulation basic data, combined with the traffic conditions of the slope climbing section of our country, establish different roads. The simulation model under the traffic condition combination obtains the conflict data, determines the location and length of the climbing lane, and compares the reduction extent of the collision rate before and after setting up the climbing lane. The results are classified into excellent, good and moderate by K-means clustering analysis. The difference is four categories. Finally, the effect of lane setting is excellent, and the traffic conditions of good road are suggested to improve the setting of climbing lane.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U412.366

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