多功能钻机电控系统研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 11:55

本文选题：钻机 + 电控系统　；参考：《石家庄铁道大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济高速发展,交通建设进入了新的快速发展阶段,其中公路和铁路建设需要穿越大量隧道。在隧道施工中常会发生围岩变形塌方、涌突水、瓦斯爆炸等严重地质灾害,造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。通常的解决办法是采用钻机超前钻探,进行地质预报。电控系统是钻机的重要组成部分,因此研究多功能钻机电控系统,对提高钻机自动化水平和保证施工安全具有重要意义。本文主要设计了多功能钻机的油门控制电路、电源电路、启动电路、监控电路、安全保护电路、液压锁电路、预热电路、水泵控制电路及遥控电路,重点研究了油门控制电路。分析了多功能钻机油门系统的组成结构和工作原理,建立了控制系统数学模型,并进行了仿真研究,结果表明:系统稳定,但存在振荡、超调和稳态误差,需进行控制策略研究。首先采用经典PID控制算法,经PID参数整定后,消除了系统稳态误差、调整时间缩短,但仍然存在超调,不能满足系统在不同工况下稳定运行的要求,进而提出了模糊控制策略研究。设计了模糊PID控制器,分析了系统在阶跃和方波输入信号下的响应曲线,同时进行了系统优化。经数字仿真证明:模糊PID控制器的效果优于经典PID控制器,并能实现参数在线调整,满足了设计要求。设计了以PLC为核心的硬件控制电路、传感器电路和相关接口电路,编写了系统控制软件程序和触摸屏程序,给出了程序流程框图。搭建了油门控制实验系统,对系统程序在软件和实验环境下进行了运行、调试和优化,完成了实验和设计任务。仿真和部分实验证明本文设计的油门电控系统性能可靠,运行稳定,可应用于钻机电控系统。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy, traffic construction has entered a new stage of rapid development, in which highway and railway construction need to pass through a large number of tunnels. Serious geological disasters such as deformation and collapse of surrounding rock, water gushing and gas explosion often occur in tunnel construction, resulting in heavy casualties and property losses. The usual solution is to use drilling rigs ahead to carry out geological forecasting. Electronic control system is an important part of drilling rig. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the electronic control system of multi-function drilling rig to improve the level of automation of drilling rig and ensure the safety of construction. In this paper, the throttle control circuit, power supply circuit, startup circuit, monitoring circuit, safety protection circuit, hydraulic lock circuit, preheating circuit, pump control circuit and remote control circuit of the multifunctional drilling rig are designed, and the throttle control circuit is studied emphatically. The composition and working principle of the throttle system of the multifunctional drilling rig are analyzed. The mathematical model of the control system is established, and the simulation results show that the system is stable, but there are oscillations, over-harmonic steady-state errors. It is necessary to study the control strategy. Firstly, the classical pid control algorithm is adopted. After the pid parameters are adjusted, the steady-state error of the system is eliminated and the adjustment time is shortened, but there is still overshoot, which can not meet the requirements of stable operation of the system under different operating conditions. Furthermore, a fuzzy control strategy is proposed. The fuzzy pid controller is designed, the response curve of the system under step and square wave input signal is analyzed, and the system optimization is carried out. The results of digital simulation show that the fuzzy pid controller is better than the classical pid controller, and the parameters can be adjusted online to meet the design requirements. The hardware control circuit, sensor circuit and related interface circuit based on PLC are designed. The system control software program and touch screen program are written, and the flow chart of the program is given. The throttle control experiment system is built, and the system program is run, debugged and optimized in the software and experimental environment, and the experiment and design tasks are completed. The simulation and some experiments show that the throttle electronic control system designed in this paper is reliable in performance and stable in operation, and can be applied to the electric control system of drilling rig.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄铁道大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U455.3

【参考文献】