多约束条件下的城市交通微循环路网优化方法研究
发布时间：2018-08-05 12:26
【摘要】：目前，我国正处于社会经济的高速发展时期，城市化和机动化进程不断加速，对小汽车交通的依赖加剧了城市交通拥堵、交通安全、环境污染、能源紧缺等一系列问题，这严重地影响着我国的城市交通、经济社会的可持续发展以及人民群众生活水平的提高。在治理交通拥堵的问题上，政府及相关部门注重对城市主干道等高等级道路的建设，而忽视了低等级道路的建设，造成城市道路网等级比例不协调，造成更大拥堵问题的出现。因此，增加支路以及更低等级道路比例，协调整个城市路网比例，是解决城市道路拥堵的主要途径。这些由支路以及更低等级道路构成的微循环道路系统能够缓解城市交通的压力，，分担干道网络的交通需求，为区域内居民提供安全、便利的交通服务。 本文针对城市道路网等级不匹配问题，提出了微循环路网优化算法对微循环道路优化，从而增加支路以及更低等级道路比例，为主干道分流缓堵。论文首先分析了微循环理论、微循环道路优化方法、微循环道路工程实践的国内外研究现状，明确了微循环道路在城市交通的重要意义，然后分析了微循环优化方法存在的主要问题与弊端，并在现有研究的基础上，构建了多约束条件下的微循环路网优化模型，优化过程主要包括：研究区域主干道拥堵判定、微循环绕行路线搜索、微循环优化模型建立。微循环优化模型基于多个约束条件，构建多目标函数，双层规划，遗传算法求解，得到最佳优化方案。 本文所建立的微循环优化模型充分考虑到了路网优化的各种影响因素，并建立了微循环路网评价指标体系，阐述了评价指标建立的原则，然后从技术性能、经济费用、社会环境影响三个方面构建了城市交通微循环路网优化评价指标体系，详细分析了每个指标的含义、计算方法与意义，并对评价指标尽可能进行分析量化，为方案评价提供标准。 最后对多约束条件下的微循环路网优化模型进行了重点研究与实例验证。选取典型微循环路网作为研究区域，利用所建立的多约束条件下的微循环路网优化模型对研究区域路网进行改造通过现状研究，获得可能新建道路，通过优化模型求解得到最优方案，并对最优方案进行评价分析。算例验证了本文所建立模型的可行性，对微循环路网优化起到了重要的参考价值。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the period of high speed development of social economy. The process of urbanization and motorization is accelerating constantly. The dependence on car traffic has aggravated a series of problems, such as urban traffic congestion, traffic safety, environmental pollution, energy shortage and so on. This seriously affects the urban transportation, the sustainable development of economy and society and the improvement of people's living standard. In dealing with traffic congestion, the government and related departments pay attention to the construction of high-grade roads such as urban trunk roads, but neglect the construction of low-grade roads, resulting in the disharmony of the grade ratio of urban road network and the emergence of even greater congestion problems. Therefore, increasing the proportion of branch roads and lower grade roads and coordinating the proportion of the whole urban road network are the main ways to solve urban road congestion. These microcirculatory road systems, which consist of branch roads and lower grade roads, can relieve the pressure of urban traffic, share the traffic demand of the trunk road network, and provide safe and convenient transportation services for the residents of the region. In order to solve the problem of grade mismatch of urban road network, this paper puts forward a microcirculation network optimization algorithm to optimize microcirculation road, thus increasing the proportion of branch roads and lower grade roads. Firstly, the paper analyzes the theory of microcirculation, the optimization method of microcirculation road, the research status of microcirculation road engineering practice at home and abroad, and clarifies the significance of microcirculation road in urban traffic. Then the main problems and drawbacks of microcirculation optimization method are analyzed, and based on the existing research, the optimization model of microcirculation network under multi-constraint conditions is constructed. The optimization process mainly includes: the main road congestion determination in the study area. The microcirculation detour route search and the microcirculation optimization model are established. Based on multiple constraints, the microcirculatory optimization model is constructed with multi-objective function, bilevel programming and genetic algorithm, and the optimal optimization scheme is obtained. The microcirculation optimization model established in this paper fully takes into account all kinds of influencing factors of road network optimization, and establishes the evaluation index system of microcirculation network, expounds the principles of establishing evaluation index, and then from the technical performance, economic cost, The evaluation index system of urban traffic microcirculation network optimization is constructed in three aspects of social environmental impact. The meaning, calculation method and significance of each index are analyzed in detail, and the evaluation indexes are analyzed and quantified as much as possible. Provision of criteria for programme evaluation Finally, the optimization model of microcirculation network under multiple constraints is studied and verified by an example. Select the typical microcirculation network as the research area, use the optimized model of the microcirculation network under the multi-constraint condition to reconstruct the research area road network through the current situation research, obtain the possible new road. The optimal scheme is obtained by solving the optimization model, and the optimal scheme is evaluated and analyzed. An example is given to verify the feasibility of the model established in this paper, which plays an important reference value in the optimization of microcirculation network.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491
本文编号：2165794
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the period of high speed development of social economy. The process of urbanization and motorization is accelerating constantly. The dependence on car traffic has aggravated a series of problems, such as urban traffic congestion, traffic safety, environmental pollution, energy shortage and so on. This seriously affects the urban transportation, the sustainable development of economy and society and the improvement of people's living standard. In dealing with traffic congestion, the government and related departments pay attention to the construction of high-grade roads such as urban trunk roads, but neglect the construction of low-grade roads, resulting in the disharmony of the grade ratio of urban road network and the emergence of even greater congestion problems. Therefore, increasing the proportion of branch roads and lower grade roads and coordinating the proportion of the whole urban road network are the main ways to solve urban road congestion. These microcirculatory road systems, which consist of branch roads and lower grade roads, can relieve the pressure of urban traffic, share the traffic demand of the trunk road network, and provide safe and convenient transportation services for the residents of the region. In order to solve the problem of grade mismatch of urban road network, this paper puts forward a microcirculation network optimization algorithm to optimize microcirculation road, thus increasing the proportion of branch roads and lower grade roads. Firstly, the paper analyzes the theory of microcirculation, the optimization method of microcirculation road, the research status of microcirculation road engineering practice at home and abroad, and clarifies the significance of microcirculation road in urban traffic. Then the main problems and drawbacks of microcirculation optimization method are analyzed, and based on the existing research, the optimization model of microcirculation network under multi-constraint conditions is constructed. The optimization process mainly includes: the main road congestion determination in the study area. The microcirculation detour route search and the microcirculation optimization model are established. Based on multiple constraints, the microcirculatory optimization model is constructed with multi-objective function, bilevel programming and genetic algorithm, and the optimal optimization scheme is obtained. The microcirculation optimization model established in this paper fully takes into account all kinds of influencing factors of road network optimization, and establishes the evaluation index system of microcirculation network, expounds the principles of establishing evaluation index, and then from the technical performance, economic cost, The evaluation index system of urban traffic microcirculation network optimization is constructed in three aspects of social environmental impact. The meaning, calculation method and significance of each index are analyzed in detail, and the evaluation indexes are analyzed and quantified as much as possible. Provision of criteria for programme evaluation Finally, the optimization model of microcirculation network under multiple constraints is studied and verified by an example. Select the typical microcirculation network as the research area, use the optimized model of the microcirculation network under the multi-constraint condition to reconstruct the research area road network through the current situation research, obtain the possible new road. The optimal scheme is obtained by solving the optimization model, and the optimal scheme is evaluated and analyzed. An example is given to verify the feasibility of the model established in this paper, which plays an important reference value in the optimization of microcirculation network.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491
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