占道作业区安全分析与交通组织研究

发布时间：2018-08-11 16:23

【摘要】：随着我国道路基础设施不断发展,我国公路里程逐年增加,现有公路使用年限正在逐渐增长。随着社会经济的发展,公路交通流量越来越大,对道路的需求越来越高。因此近年来我国公路的改扩建施工和养护大修施工量逐年增加。公路改扩建施工和养护作业一般采用占道施工的方式,施工过程中仍保持道路处于通行状态。占道作业区的存在,会影响作业区路段的通行能力,造成瓶颈点;同时因为作业区使道路交通环境复杂化,而更容易发生交通安全事故,成为事故危险点。为了研究占道作业区交通安全影响因素,评估占道作业区的安全风险水平,并在此基础上对占道作业区交通组织和交通安全设施的设置方法进行研究,为施工养护单位进行占道作业交通组织和安全防护提供理论依据,本文针对占道作业区的交通安全和交通组织进行研究。本文首先通过对国内外占道作业区的交通安全事故进行分析,归纳整理目前我国占道作业区交通安全现状,通过搜集整理资料、从占道作业审批管理部门和养护施工企业获取数据,梳理出目前影响我国占道作业区交通安全的主要风险因素类别,利用层次分析法构建风险因素评估模型,针对目前我国占道作业区交通安全风险因素进行分析评估。同时,通过对占道作业区交通流数据的实地观测,对占道作业区交通流特性进行分析,并在此基础上提出占道作业区安全风险量化分析的方法。针对占道作业区交通组织和安全保障的问题,本文通过对占道作业区主要六个功能区段的长度设置参数进行研究,提出了相应的计算方法,可用来指导不同条件下占道作业区功能区布局。另一方面,通过构建驾驶员心理认知模型,提出了占道作业区交通标志设置方法,并对交通标志的前置距离和重置距离等关键参数给出计算方法,结合占道作业区其他安全保障设施,综合提出了常见情况占道作业区形式的交通安全设施布置的优化方案。本文对占道作业区安全分析和占道作业区交通组织研究,能够对实际公路施工养护工作的交通组织和安全保障提供参考。
[Abstract]:With the development of road infrastructure in China, highway mileage is increasing year by year, and the service life of existing highway is increasing gradually. With the development of social economy, the traffic volume of highway is increasing, and the demand for road is becoming higher and higher. Therefore, in recent years, the construction quantity of highway reconstruction and maintenance in China has increased year by year. The construction and maintenance of highway reconstruction and extension are generally carried out by the way of construction, and the road is still in a state of passage during the construction process. The existence of the operation area will affect the capacity of the road section and cause the bottleneck point. At the same time, because the operation area makes the road traffic environment more complicated, it is more likely to happen traffic safety accidents and become the dangerous point of the accidents. In order to study the influencing factors of traffic safety in the operation area, the safety risk level of the operation area is evaluated, and on the basis of this, the traffic organization and the method of setting up the traffic safety facilities in the operation area are studied. In order to provide theoretical basis for traffic organization and safety protection in construction and maintenance units, the traffic safety and traffic organization in Zhandao operation area are studied in this paper. In this paper, first of all, through the analysis of traffic safety accidents at home and abroad, the current situation of traffic safety in China is summarized, and the data are collected and sorted out. The data are obtained from the examination and approval management department and the maintenance construction enterprise, and the main risk factors that affect the traffic safety of the road occupation area in China are sorted out, and the risk factor evaluation model is constructed by using the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). This paper analyzes and evaluates the traffic safety risk factors in the operation area of our country. At the same time, through the field observation of the traffic flow data in the occupation area, the characteristics of the traffic flow in the occupation area are analyzed, and on this basis, the method of quantitative analysis of the safety risk in the occupation area is put forward. In view of the problem of traffic organization and safety in the operation area, this paper studies the length setting parameters of the main six functional sections in the operation area, and puts forward the corresponding calculation method. It can be used to guide the function area layout under different conditions. On the other hand, by constructing the psychological cognitive model of drivers, the method of setting traffic signs in the occupation area is put forward, and the calculation method of the key parameters, such as the front distance and reset distance of traffic signs, is given. Combined with other safety and security facilities in the operation area, the optimization scheme of traffic safety facilities in the form of occupation operation area is put forward. This paper can provide a reference for the traffic organization and safety guarantee of the actual highway construction and maintenance work.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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