基于分布式控制架构的信号机设计研究
发布时间：2018-08-26 11:23
【摘要】：随着经济的发展和生活节奏的加快,越来越多的人购买私家车作为代步工具,汽车的保有量也随之迅速增加。由于大部分城市的交通设施还比较落后,交叉路口的调控能力比较弱,交通阻塞现象日益严重。为了适应城市交通的发展趋势,提高交通管理的技术水平和道路通行能力,改善目前大多数城市以多时段定时式信号机为主流的现状,设计了一套具有单点控制、区域联网控制以及自适应控制等功能的分布式架构的信号机控制系统。系统的硬件平台采用分布式系统的硬件组织方式来进行设计,每块独立的功能板都具有微处理器,具有一定的自主控制能力。各功能板之间通过CAN总线进行相互通信,以构成一个完整的系统。其中,核心控制板采用32位的ARM作为其核心处理器,具有以太网通信模块、串口通信模块、485倒计时模块、3G通信模块、触控屏控制模块以及GPS校时模块等功能模块。核心控制板可通过RJ45接口或者3G通信模块与控制中心进行通信,上传车流量数据或者下载控制方案等信息,从而可实现城市交通的区域控制;通过由MAX485芯片组成的485通信模块可实现信号机对倒计时牌的控制;用户可通过触控屏的UI界面设置适合本路口的控制方案;通过采集GPS模块的数据,可获得精确的当前时间,为系统的校时提供硬件支持。信号灯驱动板以及车辆信息采集板以单片机PIC18F4580作为其核心处理器,信号灯驱动板通过由光电耦和器、可控硅等元器件组成的驱动电路控制信号灯的亮灭,并可通过由电流感应器、电压比较器等元器件组成的状态反馈电路采集信号灯的工作状态信息;车辆信息采集板可完成车辆信息的数据采集、数据分析以及数据通信,将检测器检测到的车流信息通过采集电路和整形电路送至单片机,单片机对该信息进行数据分析,判断车辆通过情况。电源板为系统提供稳定的5V及3.3V工作电压,通过电压转换模块可将220V市电转换为5V电压输出,5V电压经芯片LM117可获得稳定的3.3V电压输出。背板的主要功能是为各个功能板提供CAN通信的通道。经过测试运行,系统能够正常的运行,完成交叉路口的交通控制,对城市交通信号控制系统的研发与建设具有较高的参考和实用价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the quickening pace of life, more and more people buy private cars as a means of transportation, and the quantity of cars also increases rapidly. Because the traffic facilities of most cities are still relatively backward, the control ability of intersections is relatively weak, and traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. In order to adapt to the development trend of urban traffic, improve the technical level of traffic management and traffic capacity, and improve the current situation of multi-time timing signal in most cities, a set of single-point control is designed. Distributed signal control system with the functions of area network control and adaptive control. The hardware platform of the system is designed by the hardware organization mode of the distributed system. Each independent functional board has microprocessor and certain autonomous control ability. Each functional board communicates with each other through CAN bus to form a complete system. Among them, the core control board uses 32-bit ARM as its core processor, with Ethernet communication module, serial port communication module 485 countdown module and 3G communication module, touch control screen control module and GPS timing module and other functional modules. The core control board can communicate with the control center through the RJ45 interface or 3G communication module, upload the traffic flow data or download the information of the control scheme, so as to realize the regional control of urban traffic. Through the 485 communication module composed of MAX485 chip, the signal machine can control the inverted time plate; the user can set the control scheme suitable for the intersection through the UI interface of the touch control screen; by collecting the data of the GPS module, the accurate current time can be obtained. Provide hardware support for system timing. The signal lamp driving board and the vehicle information collecting board take the single chip computer PIC18F4580 as its core processor. The signal lamp drive board controls the signal lamp to light out through the driving circuit composed of photoelectric coupling device, silicon controlled device and so on. The state feedback circuit composed of current sensor and voltage comparator can collect the working state information of the signal lamp, and the vehicle information acquisition board can complete the data acquisition, data analysis and data communication of the vehicle information. The traffic flow information detected by the detector is sent to the single chip microcomputer through the collection circuit and the shaping circuit. The single chip computer carries on the data analysis to judge the passing situation of the vehicle. The power supply board provides stable 5V and 3.3V operating voltages for the system. Through the voltage conversion module, the 220V can be converted to 5V voltage output 5V voltage can be obtained by LM117 chip stable 3.3V voltage output. The main function of the backplane is to provide CAN communication channels for each functional panel. After testing and running, the system can run normally and complete traffic control at intersections, which has a high reference and practical value for the development and construction of urban traffic signal control system.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.51
本文编号：2204716
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the quickening pace of life, more and more people buy private cars as a means of transportation, and the quantity of cars also increases rapidly. Because the traffic facilities of most cities are still relatively backward, the control ability of intersections is relatively weak, and traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. In order to adapt to the development trend of urban traffic, improve the technical level of traffic management and traffic capacity, and improve the current situation of multi-time timing signal in most cities, a set of single-point control is designed. Distributed signal control system with the functions of area network control and adaptive control. The hardware platform of the system is designed by the hardware organization mode of the distributed system. Each independent functional board has microprocessor and certain autonomous control ability. Each functional board communicates with each other through CAN bus to form a complete system. Among them, the core control board uses 32-bit ARM as its core processor, with Ethernet communication module, serial port communication module 485 countdown module and 3G communication module, touch control screen control module and GPS timing module and other functional modules. The core control board can communicate with the control center through the RJ45 interface or 3G communication module, upload the traffic flow data or download the information of the control scheme, so as to realize the regional control of urban traffic. Through the 485 communication module composed of MAX485 chip, the signal machine can control the inverted time plate; the user can set the control scheme suitable for the intersection through the UI interface of the touch control screen; by collecting the data of the GPS module, the accurate current time can be obtained. Provide hardware support for system timing. The signal lamp driving board and the vehicle information collecting board take the single chip computer PIC18F4580 as its core processor. The signal lamp drive board controls the signal lamp to light out through the driving circuit composed of photoelectric coupling device, silicon controlled device and so on. The state feedback circuit composed of current sensor and voltage comparator can collect the working state information of the signal lamp, and the vehicle information acquisition board can complete the data acquisition, data analysis and data communication of the vehicle information. The traffic flow information detected by the detector is sent to the single chip microcomputer through the collection circuit and the shaping circuit. The single chip computer carries on the data analysis to judge the passing situation of the vehicle. The power supply board provides stable 5V and 3.3V operating voltages for the system. Through the voltage conversion module, the 220V can be converted to 5V voltage output 5V voltage can be obtained by LM117 chip stable 3.3V voltage output. The main function of the backplane is to provide CAN communication channels for each functional panel. After testing and running, the system can run normally and complete traffic control at intersections, which has a high reference and practical value for the development and construction of urban traffic signal control system.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.51
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