考虑与公共交通换乘的停车换乘需求研究
发布时间：2018-09-12 10:46
【摘要】：停车换乘作为缓解城市道路拥堵和停车困难的有效措施,在20世纪70年代在世界各国得到广泛的应用。随着我国城市化进程发展和机动车保有量迅速增加,许多城市交通面临严峻的挑战,北京、上海等大城市开始规划建设停车换乘设施。停车换乘是两种出行方式的组合,影响停车换乘的因素非常复杂,受到出行方式内在特性、客观交通环境和个人决策类型和偏好等影响。各城市已投入使用的停车换乘设施运营情况“冷热参半”。停车换乘需求研究是停车换乘设施规划和布局基础,因此本文考虑公共交通影响,以停车换乘需求为研究对象,主要研究了以下几个方面的内容:PR需求影响因素分析、PR设施吸引范围、基于前景理论停车换乘行为研究和停车换乘需求预测研究。本文首先介绍停车换乘定义,国内外停车换乘的发展、建设和实施效果。从停车换乘设施选址、停车换乘行为、停车换乘需求研究和停车换乘需求分布4个方面总结了国内外研究现状。其次,总结出行者停车换乘选择过程和决策类型,系统分析了出行者特性、出行特性、公共交通服务水平和PR特性等对停车换乘选择行为的影响。采用行为调查和意向调查相结合的方式,设计停车换乘需求调查问卷,对天通苑北停车换乘设施使用者进行调查,分析停车换乘设施使用者个人特性、出行特性和公共交通服务水平、小汽车使用者使用停车换乘设施原因以及停车换乘意愿。最后,基于价格敏感度测定法(Price Sensitivity Meter,PSM)对停车换乘设施上下游影响范围进行测算。出行者出行方式感知费用构成因素,如速度、费用和出行时间等受到交通环境影响具有不确定性。因此,本文在阐述前景理论内涵和特点基础性上,设计调查问卷对出行者停车换乘行为进行实证研究,利用前景理论建立了停车换乘选择概率模型,通过算例研究相关因素对停车换乘需求影响。最后一章,结合国内外研究给出了停车换乘需求预测方法,并以天通苑北PR为例计算停车换乘方式分担率,并给出集计化方法。
[Abstract]:As an effective measure to alleviate urban road congestion and parking difficulties, parking and rider transfer has been widely used in the world in the 1970s. With the development of China's urbanization process and the rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles, many cities are facing severe challenges, such as Beijing, Shanghai and other major cities began to plan the construction of parking and transfer facilities. Parking and transfer is a combination of two modes of travel. The factors affecting parking and transfer are very complex, which are influenced by the internal characteristics of the trip mode, the objective traffic environment, the types and preferences of individual decision making and so on. The operation of the parking and transfer facilities in various cities is "hot and cold". The study of parking and transfer demand is the basis of planning and layout of parking and transfer facilities, so this paper considers the influence of public transportation and takes the demand of parking and transfer as the research object. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the following aspects: the analysis of the influencing factors of the demand for the PR facility, the study of parking and rider behavior based on the foreground theory and the prediction of the demand for the parking and rider transfer. This paper first introduces the definition of parking and transfer, the development, construction and implementation of parking and transfer at home and abroad. This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research status from four aspects: the location of parking and transfer facilities, the behavior of parking and riding, the research of parking and transfer demand and the distribution of parking and passenger demand. Secondly, the paper summarizes the choice process and decision types of parking and transfer, and systematically analyzes the effects of traveler characteristics, travel characteristics, public transport service level and PR characteristics on the behavior of parking and transfer selection. With the combination of behavior survey and intention survey, the questionnaire of parking and transfer demand is designed to investigate the users of the North parking and Riding facilities in Tiantong Garden, and analyze the personal characteristics of the users of the parking and Riding facilities. Travel characteristics and level of public transport service, reasons for car users to use parking and transfer facilities, and willingness to park and transfer. Finally, based on the price sensitivity method (Price Sensitivity Meter,PSM), the upstream and downstream impact range of parking and transfer facilities is calculated. The factors that make up the perceived cost of travel mode, such as speed, cost and travel time, are uncertain by the traffic environment. Therefore, on the basis of expounding the connotation and characteristics of foreground theory, this paper designs a questionnaire to do empirical research on parking and transfer behavior of travelers, and establishes a probability model of parking and transfer selection by using foreground theory. The influence of relevant factors on the demand for parking and passenger transfer is studied by a numerical example. In the last chapter, combined with the domestic and foreign research, the forecasting method of parking and transfer demand is given, and the sharing rate of parking and passenger transfer mode is calculated by taking PR in the north of Tiantong Yuan as an example, and the lumped method is given.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491
，
本文编号：2238758
[Abstract]:As an effective measure to alleviate urban road congestion and parking difficulties, parking and rider transfer has been widely used in the world in the 1970s. With the development of China's urbanization process and the rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles, many cities are facing severe challenges, such as Beijing, Shanghai and other major cities began to plan the construction of parking and transfer facilities. Parking and transfer is a combination of two modes of travel. The factors affecting parking and transfer are very complex, which are influenced by the internal characteristics of the trip mode, the objective traffic environment, the types and preferences of individual decision making and so on. The operation of the parking and transfer facilities in various cities is "hot and cold". The study of parking and transfer demand is the basis of planning and layout of parking and transfer facilities, so this paper considers the influence of public transportation and takes the demand of parking and transfer as the research object. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the following aspects: the analysis of the influencing factors of the demand for the PR facility, the study of parking and rider behavior based on the foreground theory and the prediction of the demand for the parking and rider transfer. This paper first introduces the definition of parking and transfer, the development, construction and implementation of parking and transfer at home and abroad. This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research status from four aspects: the location of parking and transfer facilities, the behavior of parking and riding, the research of parking and transfer demand and the distribution of parking and passenger demand. Secondly, the paper summarizes the choice process and decision types of parking and transfer, and systematically analyzes the effects of traveler characteristics, travel characteristics, public transport service level and PR characteristics on the behavior of parking and transfer selection. With the combination of behavior survey and intention survey, the questionnaire of parking and transfer demand is designed to investigate the users of the North parking and Riding facilities in Tiantong Garden, and analyze the personal characteristics of the users of the parking and Riding facilities. Travel characteristics and level of public transport service, reasons for car users to use parking and transfer facilities, and willingness to park and transfer. Finally, based on the price sensitivity method (Price Sensitivity Meter,PSM), the upstream and downstream impact range of parking and transfer facilities is calculated. The factors that make up the perceived cost of travel mode, such as speed, cost and travel time, are uncertain by the traffic environment. Therefore, on the basis of expounding the connotation and characteristics of foreground theory, this paper designs a questionnaire to do empirical research on parking and transfer behavior of travelers, and establishes a probability model of parking and transfer selection by using foreground theory. The influence of relevant factors on the demand for parking and passenger transfer is studied by a numerical example. In the last chapter, combined with the domestic and foreign research, the forecasting method of parking and transfer demand is given, and the sharing rate of parking and passenger transfer mode is calculated by taking PR in the north of Tiantong Yuan as an example, and the lumped method is given.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491
，
本文编号：2238758
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