随机攻击下利用常规公交改善地铁连通可靠性
发布时间：2018-09-13 06:52
【摘要】：近十年来,我国汽车保有量以前所未有的速度逐年增加,城市交通拥堵日益严重。面对有限的道路资源和日益恶化的空气质量,各大城市将解决方法对准了城市轨道交通建设。城市轨道交通具有运量高、时间可靠性高、运行安全性高、环境污染性低、能源与用地使用量少等特点。然而除投资大外,轨道交通具有空间局限性。在轨道交通网络遭受随机性攻击或蓄意性攻击时,部分线路及站点的可使用性能大大降低、甚至瘫痪,从而导致网络的连通性降低；在此情况下,利用轨道交通出行的乘客面临被及时疏散及改变出行线路等问题。本文以北京市地铁线网受到随机攻击为背景,研究此种情况下利用常规公交对地铁网络进行整合,以达到改善地铁网络连通可靠性的目标。本文首先介绍北京市地铁全局网络和局部网络的网络特性,包括基本指标、特性指标、可靠性指标等,用以判断线网的发展程度,并确定了线网的关键节点和关键边；接下来,根据随机性攻击和蓄意性攻击的发生频率的差异,确定本文的研究背景为随机性攻击：设定随机性攻击的三种破坏程度并分析乘客转移的趋势；随后统计研究区域的常规公交设置情况,并分析现存常规公交网络的缺点；最后根据网络的三种破坏程度讨论了现存常规公交及整合后的常规公交对地铁网络遭受随机性攻击时连通可靠性的改善效果以及存在问题。本文的结论包括：北京地铁网络具有明显的无标度和小世界特性,研究范围内的局部线网连通度、复杂度较低,强健性较高,确定关键节点为东单站点；地铁网络可根据节点、边、车辆破坏程度的差异性划分为三个等级；在随机性攻击下,常规公交对地铁网络的连通可靠性起到显著的改善作用,而面对随机性攻击下地铁转移的激增客流,可以采用增加额外公交车队的方法解决。
[Abstract]:In the past ten years, the number of cars in our country has been increasing year by year, and the traffic jams are becoming more and more serious. In the face of limited road resources and deteriorating air quality, major cities focus on the construction of urban rail transit. Urban rail transit has the characteristics of high capacity, high reliability of time, high safety of operation, low environmental pollution and less energy and land use. However, in addition to large investment, rail transit has space limitations. When the rail transit network is subjected to random attacks or deliberate attacks, the usable performance of some lines and stations is greatly reduced or even paralyzed, resulting in reduced network connectivity; in this case, Passengers who make use of rail transit are faced with problems such as timely evacuation and change of route. Based on the random attack on the subway network in Beijing, this paper studies the integration of the subway network by conventional public transport in order to improve the reliability of the subway network. This paper first introduces the network characteristics of Beijing metro global network and local network, including the basic index, characteristic index, reliability index and so on, to judge the development degree of the network, and to determine the key nodes and critical edges of the network. According to the difference of frequency of random attack and intentional attack, the research background of this paper is random attack: setting three kinds of damage degree of random attack and analyzing the trend of passenger transfer; Secondly, the paper makes a statistical study on the situation of bus routine setting in the region, and analyzes the shortcomings of the existing bus routine network. Finally, according to the three kinds of damage degree of the network, the paper discusses the improvement effect and the existing problems of the connectivity reliability of the existing conventional public transport and the integrated conventional public transport to the subway network under random attack. The conclusions of this paper are as follows: the Beijing subway network has obvious scale-free and small-world characteristics, the local network connectivity in the scope of the study is low, the complexity is low, the robustness is high, the key nodes are determined as Dongdan station, and the subway network can be based on the nodes. The difference of the degree of vehicle damage can be divided into three levels: under random attack, conventional public transport plays a significant role in improving the reliability of subway network connectivity, but in the face of random attack, the subway transfer surge passenger flow, It can be solved by adding additional bus teams.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U12
[Abstract]:In the past ten years, the number of cars in our country has been increasing year by year, and the traffic jams are becoming more and more serious. In the face of limited road resources and deteriorating air quality, major cities focus on the construction of urban rail transit. Urban rail transit has the characteristics of high capacity, high reliability of time, high safety of operation, low environmental pollution and less energy and land use. However, in addition to large investment, rail transit has space limitations. When the rail transit network is subjected to random attacks or deliberate attacks, the usable performance of some lines and stations is greatly reduced or even paralyzed, resulting in reduced network connectivity; in this case, Passengers who make use of rail transit are faced with problems such as timely evacuation and change of route. Based on the random attack on the subway network in Beijing, this paper studies the integration of the subway network by conventional public transport in order to improve the reliability of the subway network. This paper first introduces the network characteristics of Beijing metro global network and local network, including the basic index, characteristic index, reliability index and so on, to judge the development degree of the network, and to determine the key nodes and critical edges of the network. According to the difference of frequency of random attack and intentional attack, the research background of this paper is random attack: setting three kinds of damage degree of random attack and analyzing the trend of passenger transfer; Secondly, the paper makes a statistical study on the situation of bus routine setting in the region, and analyzes the shortcomings of the existing bus routine network. Finally, according to the three kinds of damage degree of the network, the paper discusses the improvement effect and the existing problems of the connectivity reliability of the existing conventional public transport and the integrated conventional public transport to the subway network under random attack. The conclusions of this paper are as follows: the Beijing subway network has obvious scale-free and small-world characteristics, the local network connectivity in the scope of the study is low, the complexity is low, the robustness is high, the key nodes are determined as Dongdan station, and the subway network can be based on the nodes. The difference of the degree of vehicle damage can be divided into three levels: under random attack, conventional public transport plays a significant role in improving the reliability of subway network connectivity, but in the face of random attack, the subway transfer surge passenger flow, It can be solved by adding additional bus teams.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U12
【参考文献】
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1 胡一z，
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