桥梁造型设计与优化研究

发布时间：2018-09-14 12:27

【摘要】：桥梁的设计形式是以满足交通功能为主要目的,在力学和美学规律的支配下,结合环境因素,通过美学优化,对组成桥梁的各个部分及整体进行外形塑造,一改传统的设计理念,主动设计优化,设计创造出融合周围环境的完美的桥梁形体[1]。本文针对影响桥梁造型设计的因素,从功能、美观、环保、经济及其它方面进行研究,提出桥梁造型设计需满足的基本原则。根据结构的受力特性及其材料的性能要求,在基于主应力优化准则的基础上,采用双向渐进结构拓扑优化算法针对典型桥梁如赵州桥、桥面处于不同位置的上承式、中承式和下承式拱桥,还有桥塔等工程实例进行拓扑优化模拟计算,所得到的最佳优化模型,与实例造型比较相似,证明该方法的科学性。本文以南湖桥设计为工程背景,遵照基本原则综合考虑各方面的要求进行桥梁设计:根据桥位所在的水文、交通、工程地质等进行桥型选择,确定桥跨数,从受力要求及美观方面确定各孔跨径,矢跨比,桥面纵坡和竖曲线半径等参数,经过筛选得到了两个比较合适的方案。基于双向渐进结构拓扑优化(BESO)方法,结合有限元软件ANSYS的APDL语言编辑两方案的二维拓扑优化程序,得到了较好的拓扑优化结果,为桥梁的方案设计提供参考。本文针对拓扑优化后的两个桥型,进一步完善结构尺寸设计,进行有限元计算,从而确定最佳方案。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of bridge design is to satisfy the traffic function. Under the control of mechanics and aesthetic law, combined with environmental factors, the shape of each part and whole of the bridge is molded by aesthetic optimization. One change traditional design idea, the initiative design optimization, the design creates the perfect bridge shape which merges the surrounding environment [1]. In this paper, the basic principles of bridge modeling design are put forward based on the research on the factors affecting bridge modeling design from the aspects of function, beauty, environmental protection, economy and other aspects. According to the stress characteristics of the structure and the performance requirements of the material, based on the principle stress optimization criterion, the bi-directional progressive structural topology optimization algorithm is used for the bridge deck in different positions of the typical bridge, such as Zhaozhou Bridge. The optimum optimization model of through arch bridge and through arch bridge, bridge tower and other engineering examples is similar to the model of example, which proves that the method is scientific. This paper takes the design of Nanhu Bridge as the engineering background, according to the basic principles to comprehensively consider the requirements of various aspects: according to the hydrology, traffic, engineering geology and so on, the bridge type is selected, and the number of bridge spans is determined. The parameters such as span, rise-span ratio, longitudinal slope of bridge deck and radius of vertical curve are determined from the aspects of stress requirements and aesthetics, and two suitable schemes are obtained through screening. Based on the bi-directional asymptotic structural topology optimization (BESO) method and the APDL language of the finite element software ANSYS, the two-dimensional topology optimization program of the two schemes is edited, and the better topology optimization results are obtained, which provide a reference for the bridge scheme design. In this paper, for the two bridges after topology optimization, the structure size design is further improved and the finite element calculation is carried out to determine the best scheme.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U442.5

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