动、静综合驾驶适宜性条件下的驾驶人行为特性研究

发布时间：2018-11-09 18:39

【摘要】：大量研究表明,人的因素是造成交通事故的主要原因。从驾驶适宜性的相关理论研究表明,人因引发交通事故不仅仅与驾驶人生理、心理因素有关,相当大的部分与驾驶人在风险情境中动态驾驶适宜性指标有关。因此,研究分析驾驶人动、静综合驾驶适宜性水平与驾驶行为特性之间的关系,有利于提高驾驶员驾驶适宜性的综合评判能力,为驾驶人驾照考试的甄选、培训提供有效理论依据。首先,从国内外大量研究中对以往驾驶适宜性理论的不足的总结,要求驾驶人员除必须具备基本的驾驶技能外,还要求驾驶人在日常驾驶的过程中做出及时的认知、判断、执行等驾驶操作。其次,基于驾驶适宜性检测系统和驾驶模拟系统KMRTDS,从62名被试驾驶人的动、静态驾驶适宜性指标数据中选取有效30名被试者数据进行动、静综合驾驶适宜性条件下的驾驶人特性行为分析。所以本课题运用熵值法、主成分分析-聚类分析相结合的数据分析方法将驾驶人的静态驾驶适宜性与风险情境下的动态驾驶适宜性进行结合,并建立动、静综合驾驶适宜性条件下驾驶人风险感知特性的评价模型。其次,利用SAS数据分析软件对30名被试者进行聚类分析,研究结果表明,30名被试者共分为5类;运用SPSS数据处理软件对不同人口统计量的综合驾驶适宜性做差异性检测分析,结果表明不同性别、年龄和驾龄的驾驶人综合驾驶适宜性差异并不显著。最后,在驾驶人分类的基础上,研究不同类别被试者的综合驾驶适宜性与驾驶行为之间的相关性,结果表明在样本量足够大的情况下一般都会有显著性,因此后续研究中应增大样本容量;第Ⅳ.类被试者风险感知特性与方向盘转角的标准差和MAX相关性显著,呈现正相关;第Ⅱ类被试者风险感知特性与纵向加速度的MAX相关性显著,呈现正相关;第Ⅴ类被试者风险感知特性与纵向速度的标准差相关性显著,呈现正相关;而第Ⅲ类被试者风险感知特性与5种风险行为参数不存在显著相关性。
[Abstract]:A large number of studies show that the human factor is the main cause of traffic accidents. The theoretical research on driving suitability shows that human induced traffic accidents are not only related to the physical and psychological factors of the driver, but also to the dynamic driving suitability index of the driver in the risk situation. Therefore, the study and analysis of the relationship between the driver's driving suitability level and driving behavior characteristics is helpful to improve the driver's comprehensive evaluation ability and to select the driver's driving license test. Training provides effective theoretical basis. First of all, from a large number of domestic and foreign studies on the shortcomings of the previous theory of driving suitability, drivers are required not only to have basic driving skills, but also to make timely cognition and judgment in the course of daily driving. Perform a driving operation. Secondly, based on the driving suitability test system and the driving simulation system KMRTDS, 30 valid subjects were selected from the dynamic and static driving fitness index data of 62 subjects. Analysis of driver's characteristic behavior under the condition of static comprehensive driving suitability. Therefore, this paper uses the method of entropy value, principal component analysis and cluster analysis to combine the static driving suitability of the driver with the dynamic driving suitability in the risk situation, and establish the dynamic driving suitability. The evaluation model of driver's risk perception under the condition of integrated driving suitability. Secondly, SAS data analysis software was used to cluster 30 subjects. The results showed that 30 subjects were divided into 5 categories. SPSS data processing software was used to detect and analyze the comprehensive driving suitability of different demographics. The results showed that there was no significant difference in comprehensive driving suitability among drivers with different sex, age and driving age. Finally, based on the classification of drivers, the correlation between comprehensive driving suitability and driving behavior of different categories of subjects is studied. The results show that there is a significant difference when the sample size is large enough. Therefore, the sample size should be increased in the follow-up study. IV. The risk perception characteristics of the subjects were positively correlated with the standard deviation of steering wheel angle and MAX, and the MAX of the longitudinal acceleration were significantly correlated with the risk perception characteristics of the subjects in the second category, and there was a positive correlation between the risk perception characteristics of the subjects and the longitudinal acceleration. The risk perception characteristics of category V subjects were positively correlated with the standard deviation of longitudinal velocity, while the risk perception characteristics of class 鈪，

本文编号：2321242