平曲线路段突起路标线形诱导有效性研究
发布时间：2018-11-15 23:34
【摘要】：交通安全与道路的线形有着密不可分的关系,当道路的线形变化时,驾驶人的视线很难随着线形的变化而急剧改变,直线至平曲线过渡处是事故的高发点之一。突起路标作为线形诱导设施的一种,能够有效的减少因不良视线导致的交通事故,在美国等发达国家得到了广泛的应用,其设置的方式在我国相关的规范中却只有一般原则性的规定,相关研究成果较少,在研究突起路标布设间距时,其原理也都是直接采用国外基于线形诱导标的试验结论,直接应用于突起路标时,其有效性并没有得到验证。本文总结了驾驶人的视力、视野、感知等视觉特性在行车过程中对突起路标的识认距离等参数产生的影响,考虑了线形、夜间车辆灯光性能对驾驶人视觉的影响,确定在平曲线路段驾驶人的可视范围区域。然后对驾驶人曲率感知的方法做了相关研究,深入剖析了驾驶人在弯道处的行车特性,提出了基于视觉连续性与基于曲率感知的两种突起路标的线形诱导布设模型,并按照不同设计车速,得到了基于视觉连续性模型的突起路标布设间距。根据曲率感知的理论模型,通过仿真试验手段,确定了模型中的关键参数。对3ds Max建模的方法进行了深入的研究,建立道路、车、突起路标等一些必要的试验场景元素,运用灯光技术,模拟驾驶人夜间行驶环境,使用渲染的手段输出更加真实的试验场景。试验根据布设在车道两侧突起路标个数的不同,输出7张不同的试验图片,以主观评价性调查得到突起路标的个数与曲率感知精度之间的关系,结果表明:当突起路标个数少于3个时,将无法辨认出线形;当个数大于6个时,线形诱导效果将不再显著提高。根据试验的结果,得到了基于曲率感知模型的突起路标布设间距,通过与基于视觉连续性得到的布设间距对比分析后,结果表明基于曲率感知模型的突起路标布设间距更加科学,最终根据《公路路线设计规范》中平曲线半径的一般最小值得到的计算数据,拟合出了布设间距与平曲线半径之间的一般关系,可为现行规范中的相关内容提供参考及建议。
[Abstract]:Traffic safety is closely related to road alignment. When the road alignment changes, it is difficult for the driver's line of sight to change sharply with the linear change. The transition point from straight line to flat curve is one of the high incidence points of accidents. As a kind of linear guidance facilities, bulge signposts can effectively reduce traffic accidents caused by bad sight, and have been widely used in developed countries such as the United States. However, there are only general rules of principle in the relevant codes of our country, and there are few related research results. When we study the spacing of protruding signposts, its principle is to adopt the foreign experimental conclusions based on linear inductive targets directly. The effectiveness of the proposed method is not verified when it is directly applied to the bulge signpost. This paper summarizes the influence of the visual characteristics such as vision, visual field, perception and other parameters on the recognition distance of the protruding signpost in the driving process, and takes into account the effects of linear and nighttime vehicle lighting performance on the driver's vision. Determine the visible range of the driver in the flat curve section. Secondly, this paper studies the method of curvature perception, deeply analyzes the driving characteristics of the driver at the bend, and puts forward two kinds of line-induced placement models based on visual continuity and curvature perception. According to the different design speed, the distance between the protruding signposts based on the visual continuity model is obtained. According to the theoretical model of curvature perception, the key parameters of the model are determined by means of simulation experiment. In this paper, the method of 3ds Max modeling is deeply studied, and some necessary test scene elements, such as road, vehicle, protruding signpost and so on, are established. The lighting technology is used to simulate the driving environment of the driver at night. Use rendering methods to output more realistic experimental scenarios. According to the different number of roadsigns placed on both sides of the driveway, the experiment outputs 7 different experimental pictures, and obtains the relationship between the number of bulge landmarks and the curvature perception accuracy by subjective evaluation investigation. The results show that when the number of protruding signposts is less than 3, the linear shape can not be recognized. When the number is more than 6, the effect of linear induction will no longer be significantly improved. According to the results of the experiment, the distance of the signpost layout based on curvature perception model is obtained, and the distance between the two is compared with that based on visual continuity. The results show that the distance between the protruding signposts based on curvature perception model is more scientific, and finally the calculation data are obtained according to the general minimum value of the radius of the horizontal curve in the Highway Route Design Code. The general relationship between the layout spacing and the radius of the plane curve is fitted out, which can provide reference and suggestions for the relevant contents of the current code.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.52
本文编号：2334727
[Abstract]:Traffic safety is closely related to road alignment. When the road alignment changes, it is difficult for the driver's line of sight to change sharply with the linear change. The transition point from straight line to flat curve is one of the high incidence points of accidents. As a kind of linear guidance facilities, bulge signposts can effectively reduce traffic accidents caused by bad sight, and have been widely used in developed countries such as the United States. However, there are only general rules of principle in the relevant codes of our country, and there are few related research results. When we study the spacing of protruding signposts, its principle is to adopt the foreign experimental conclusions based on linear inductive targets directly. The effectiveness of the proposed method is not verified when it is directly applied to the bulge signpost. This paper summarizes the influence of the visual characteristics such as vision, visual field, perception and other parameters on the recognition distance of the protruding signpost in the driving process, and takes into account the effects of linear and nighttime vehicle lighting performance on the driver's vision. Determine the visible range of the driver in the flat curve section. Secondly, this paper studies the method of curvature perception, deeply analyzes the driving characteristics of the driver at the bend, and puts forward two kinds of line-induced placement models based on visual continuity and curvature perception. According to the different design speed, the distance between the protruding signposts based on the visual continuity model is obtained. According to the theoretical model of curvature perception, the key parameters of the model are determined by means of simulation experiment. In this paper, the method of 3ds Max modeling is deeply studied, and some necessary test scene elements, such as road, vehicle, protruding signpost and so on, are established. The lighting technology is used to simulate the driving environment of the driver at night. Use rendering methods to output more realistic experimental scenarios. According to the different number of roadsigns placed on both sides of the driveway, the experiment outputs 7 different experimental pictures, and obtains the relationship between the number of bulge landmarks and the curvature perception accuracy by subjective evaluation investigation. The results show that when the number of protruding signposts is less than 3, the linear shape can not be recognized. When the number is more than 6, the effect of linear induction will no longer be significantly improved. According to the results of the experiment, the distance of the signpost layout based on curvature perception model is obtained, and the distance between the two is compared with that based on visual continuity. The results show that the distance between the protruding signposts based on curvature perception model is more scientific, and finally the calculation data are obtained according to the general minimum value of the radius of the horizontal curve in the Highway Route Design Code. The general relationship between the layout spacing and the radius of the plane curve is fitted out, which can provide reference and suggestions for the relevant contents of the current code.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.52
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