大型圆柱体物件装载加固工艺程式化方法研究
发布时间：2019-01-07 15:50
【摘要】：装载加固工作是公路大件运输的基础,是运输过程的关键环节,与大件运输的安全性息息相关。目前在生产实践中,还存在着装载方式不合理,装载位置不正确;绑扎强度依靠经验的情形,文中以装载加固难度较大的大型圆柱体物件出发,研制出了一套针对该类物件装载加固的程式化方法。(1)运输装载首先要考虑运输车辆选配问题。根据路勘结果,参照汽车的行驶方程,确定车辆最大牵引力,进而遴选合适的牵引车;根据货物的外形尺寸及路面、车板的承载能力,确定相应的挂车。(2)根据材料力学和结构力学基本原理,建立大型圆柱体物件装载的基本力学模型,以车板变形量和最大允许弯矩为主要考察指标,确定装载的重心位置和支点数目,确定恰当的装载位置。(3)吊装、自装和滑移装车是公路大件运输最常用的三种装载方式。论文分析了每种装载方式的使用条件、操作方式和适用范围,并给出了不同装载方式的选型验算。通过合适的装载方式将大型圆柱体物件装载于恰当的位置,并结合具体实例建立了双吊机抬吊的三维模型。(4)根据机械加工工艺及弹塑性相关理论确立了运输件的六自由度捆绑加固准则;结合大型圆柱体运输件的特点及常用捆绑加固工具的使用条件制定了“围捆”与“八字捆”相结合的捆绑加固方案;依据车辆和运输件的实际尺寸作了必要的简化处理,并运用SolidWorks软件建立了捆绑加固的三维几何模型;分析运行过程中车辆、鞍座、运输件可能产生的各种惯性力及相应的失效方式,校核了捆绑加固工具件应具备的最低强度,选取了捆绑加固工具件的具体型号。(5)通过比较强度校核结果可知:车辆在紧急制动时,易造成物件的纵向滑动失效,据此得到围捆用钢丝绳的选取公式;车辆以较高车速通过弯道时,易造成鞍座的横向倾覆失效,据此得到八字捆用钢丝绳的选取公式。在两种失效方式中,纵向滑动的可能性更大。
[Abstract]:Loading and strengthening work is the basis of highway transportation and the key link of transportation process, which is closely related to the safety of large part transportation. At present, there are some unreasonable loading methods and incorrect loading positions in production practice. The binding strength depends on the experience. In this paper, the large cylindrical objects which are more difficult to be strengthened are used as the starting point. A set of formulaic methods for loading and strengthening of this kind of objects is developed. (1) the problem of vehicle matching should be considered in the first step of transportation loading. According to the results of road exploration, the maximum traction force of the vehicle is determined according to the driving equation of the vehicle, and then the suitable tractor is selected. According to the shape size of the goods and the bearing capacity of the pavement and the plate, the corresponding trailers are determined. (2) according to the basic principles of material mechanics and structural mechanics, the basic mechanical model of loading large cylindrical objects is established. Taking the deformation and the maximum allowable bending moment of the vehicle plate as the main inspection index, the center of gravity and the number of fulcrum of loading are determined, and the proper loading position is determined. (3) hoisting, self-loading and slip loading are the three most commonly used loading methods for highway heavy goods transportation. This paper analyzes the use conditions, operation modes and applicable scope of each loading mode, and gives the selection and checking calculation of different loading modes. Loading large cylindrical objects in the right place through proper loading, The three-dimensional model of lifting hoist of double crane is established with concrete examples. (4) according to machining technology and elastic-plastic theory, the six degree of freedom binding and strengthening criterion of transport parts is established. Combined with the characteristics of large cylindrical transport parts and the use conditions of commonly used binding and strengthening tools, a binding and strengthening scheme combining "girdle" and "eight-character bundle" was developed. According to the actual size of the vehicle and the transport parts, the necessary simplified treatment is made, and the 3D geometric model of binding and strengthening is established by using SolidWorks software. By analyzing various inertia forces and corresponding failure modes of vehicles, saddles and transporters during operation, the minimum strength of binding and strengthening tools is checked. The specific model of the binding and strengthening tools is selected. (5) by comparing the results of strength checking, it can be seen that the longitudinal sliding failure of the object is easy to be caused when the vehicle is under emergency braking, and the selection formula of the wire rope for the girdle is obtained. When the vehicle passes through the bend at a higher speed, the lateral overturning failure of the saddle is easily caused, and the selection formula of the steel wire rope for the eight-character bundle is obtained. Of the two failure modes, longitudinal sliding is more likely.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U492.336.5
本文编号：2403844
[Abstract]:Loading and strengthening work is the basis of highway transportation and the key link of transportation process, which is closely related to the safety of large part transportation. At present, there are some unreasonable loading methods and incorrect loading positions in production practice. The binding strength depends on the experience. In this paper, the large cylindrical objects which are more difficult to be strengthened are used as the starting point. A set of formulaic methods for loading and strengthening of this kind of objects is developed. (1) the problem of vehicle matching should be considered in the first step of transportation loading. According to the results of road exploration, the maximum traction force of the vehicle is determined according to the driving equation of the vehicle, and then the suitable tractor is selected. According to the shape size of the goods and the bearing capacity of the pavement and the plate, the corresponding trailers are determined. (2) according to the basic principles of material mechanics and structural mechanics, the basic mechanical model of loading large cylindrical objects is established. Taking the deformation and the maximum allowable bending moment of the vehicle plate as the main inspection index, the center of gravity and the number of fulcrum of loading are determined, and the proper loading position is determined. (3) hoisting, self-loading and slip loading are the three most commonly used loading methods for highway heavy goods transportation. This paper analyzes the use conditions, operation modes and applicable scope of each loading mode, and gives the selection and checking calculation of different loading modes. Loading large cylindrical objects in the right place through proper loading, The three-dimensional model of lifting hoist of double crane is established with concrete examples. (4) according to machining technology and elastic-plastic theory, the six degree of freedom binding and strengthening criterion of transport parts is established. Combined with the characteristics of large cylindrical transport parts and the use conditions of commonly used binding and strengthening tools, a binding and strengthening scheme combining "girdle" and "eight-character bundle" was developed. According to the actual size of the vehicle and the transport parts, the necessary simplified treatment is made, and the 3D geometric model of binding and strengthening is established by using SolidWorks software. By analyzing various inertia forces and corresponding failure modes of vehicles, saddles and transporters during operation, the minimum strength of binding and strengthening tools is checked. The specific model of the binding and strengthening tools is selected. (5) by comparing the results of strength checking, it can be seen that the longitudinal sliding failure of the object is easy to be caused when the vehicle is under emergency braking, and the selection formula of the wire rope for the girdle is obtained. When the vehicle passes through the bend at a higher speed, the lateral overturning failure of the saddle is easily caused, and the selection formula of the steel wire rope for the eight-character bundle is obtained. Of the two failure modes, longitudinal sliding is more likely.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U492.336.5
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