征收拥堵费后城市公共交通适应性研究

发布时间：2019-03-06 21:09

【摘要】：由于城市化水平不断提高、城市规划不合理、小汽车保有量剧增等原因,越来越多的城市出现了交通拥堵的问题,需要额外的交通需求管理手段配合公共交通发展,才能控制交通拥堵的进一步蔓延。国外的很多城市表明,征收交通拥堵费可以有效控制交通拥堵。首先,介绍了拥堵费和城市公共交通的相关概念。阐述了描述交通拥堵的指标,主要基于路段速度、交通密度、交通量等基本交通参数。总结了征收拥堵费的条件。借鉴国外收费城市经验,类比国内高速公路收费制式,归纳总结了拥堵收费制式,并根据不同分类方法进行分类。拥堵费对弹性出行的私家车出行者影响最大,拥堵费能起到平抑出行高峰、引导错峰出行的效果。对淮安地区的私家车出行者进行调研,结果表明约一半的出行者愿意付费使道路更加畅通,但仍然有很多人对拥堵费的效果表示怀疑。讨论和总结了征收拥堵费后城市公共交通系统将面临的机遇和挑战。其次,考虑充分利用道路资源和保证道路畅通的基础上,提出最佳路段公交分担率的概念,将城市道路分为四类,建立了多模式公共交通规划模型,为征收拥堵费做好准备工作,并选择合适的收费制式。然后,选择合适的指标和评价方法,确定各指标的标准值,构建征收拥堵费后城市公共交通适应性评价指标体系模型。最后,以淮安市为研究对象,在调查分析的基础之上,假设淮安市将征收拥堵费,分析交通现状,对淮安市进行多模式公共交通规划,选择合适收费制式,按照构建的适应性评价指标体系进行适应性研究。
[Abstract]:Due to the increasing level of urbanization, unreasonable urban planning, and a dramatic increase in car ownership, more and more cities have become congested and need additional means of traffic demand management to tie in with the development of public transport. In order to control the further spread of traffic congestion. Many foreign cities show that the collection of traffic congestion fees can effectively control traffic congestion. Firstly, the related concepts of congestion charges and urban public transport are introduced. This paper expounds the index of describing traffic congestion, mainly based on the basic traffic parameters such as road speed, traffic density, traffic volume and so on. The conditions of charging congestion fee are summarized. This paper draws lessons from the experience of foreign toll cities, analogizes the domestic highway toll system, sums up the congestion toll system, and classifies it according to different classification methods. Congestion charges have the greatest impact on private car travelers who travel flexibly. Congestion fees can play a role in stabilizing the peak of travel and guiding the trip at the wrong peak. A survey of private car travelers in Huaian showed that about half of them were willing to pay to make roads more accessible, but many were sceptical about the effectiveness of congestion charges. This paper discusses and summarizes the opportunities and challenges that the urban public transport system will face after the congestion fee is levied. Secondly, on the basis of making full use of road resources and ensuring smooth traffic, this paper puts forward the concept of the best public transport sharing rate, divides the urban roads into four categories, and establishes a multi-mode public transport planning model. Prepare for congestion charges and choose the appropriate charging system. Then, select the appropriate index and evaluation method, determine the standard value of each index, and construct the evaluation index system model of urban public traffic adaptability after charging congestion fee. Finally, taking Huaian City as the research object, on the basis of investigation and analysis, it is assumed that Huai'an will collect congestion fees, analyze the current traffic situation, carry out multi-mode public transport planning for Huaian City, and choose the appropriate toll system. The adaptability research is carried out according to the constructed adaptability evaluation index system.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.17

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