高速公路突发事件应急救援关键技术研究

发布时间：2019-03-08 18:32

【摘要】：随着我国高速公路建设的不断发展,国内高速公路的骨架网络已基本形成,总规模已位居世界领先。所以近年来,高速公路的重点从施工建设逐步转化为管理运营,变成了如何保障高速公路畅通、安全、高效、快捷、舒适等几大方面。随着高速公路里程的不断增长,紧急救援成了高速公路今后建设的重要部分,成熟的高速公路紧急救援系统可以在第一时间抵达事故现场并对受伤患者采取有效的救助手段,可以合理地安排救援物资进行施救减少财产损失。但是,我国的高速公路管理和建设还有所欠缺,大多处于起步阶段,各方面条件较简陋,一旦发生较重大的高速公路交通事故,往往人员伤亡都较为惨重,伤亡率居高不下。因此,对于高速公路的应急救援系统的研究是迫在眉睫的严峻问题。针对以上问题,本文着重分析了高速公路应急救援系统设计、高速公路应急救援资源配置优化以及高速公路应急资源调度模型,并研究了高速公路事件的成因和特征,阐述了高速公路事故的分类与定义,最后总结了其特征,并从不同的角度分析其造成事故的原因;并通过现场调查和资料查阅对高速公路事件紧急救援系统进行了定性及定量的分析与研究,提出了高速公路应急救援系统的构建以及应急救援信息联动渠道的设计。本文在高速公路交通事件应急救援系统设计的基础上,针对高速公路应急救援系统的核心技术进行了研究。研究了在尽量减少交通事故发生地的紧急响应时间的前提下,如何进行高效快速的紧急救援资源调度,并能满足交通事故发生救援所需的救援物资量,以应急救援时间最短为目标函数,建立了高速公路应急资源调度模型,并提出了高速公路单、多事故应急资源调度流程。本文所研究的高速公路应急救援关键技术研究对实际高速公路交通事件紧急救援中提供了技术支持。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of highway construction in China, the skeleton network of domestic highway has been basically formed, and the total scale has been in the leading position in the world. So in recent years, the emphasis of expressway has been transformed from construction to management and operation, into how to ensure the smooth, safe, efficient, fast, comfortable and so on. With the continuous growth of highway mileage, emergency rescue has become an important part of highway construction in the future. The mature highway emergency rescue system can arrive at the scene of the accident at the first time and take effective measures to rescue the injured patients. Can arrange the rescue material reasonably to carry on the rescue to reduce the property loss. However, the management and construction of expressway in our country are still deficient, most of them are in the initial stage, and the conditions in all aspects are relatively simple. Once a major highway traffic accident occurs, the casualties are often heavy and the casualty rate is high. Therefore, the study of highway emergency rescue system is an urgent and serious problem. In view of the above problems, this paper focuses on the design of highway emergency rescue system, the optimization of highway emergency rescue resources allocation and the model of expressway emergency resource scheduling, and studies the causes and characteristics of highway incidents. This paper expounds the classification and definition of highway accidents, finally summarizes its characteristics, and analyzes the causes of accidents from different angles. Through on-the-spot investigation and data review, qualitative and quantitative analysis and research on expressway emergency rescue system are carried out, and the construction of expressway emergency rescue system and the design of emergency rescue information linkage channel are put forward. Based on the design of emergency rescue system for highway traffic events, the core technology of emergency rescue system for expressway is studied in this paper. On the premise of minimizing the emergency response time of the traffic accident site, this paper studies how to dispatch the emergency rescue resources efficiently and quickly, and how to meet the amount of rescue resources needed for the traffic accident rescue. Taking the shortest emergency rescue time as the objective function, the emergency resource scheduling model of expressway is established, and the scheduling flow of highway road list and multi-accident emergency resource is put forward. The research on the key technology of expressway emergency rescue in this paper provides technical support for the emergency rescue of real highway traffic events.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U492.8

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