石墨碳纤维导电沥青混凝土的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2019-04-01 08:04

【摘要】：降雪会使路面结冰,导致路面堵塞、交通事故频发。运用导电沥青混凝土的电热性能进行除冰化雪具有安全有效、无需中断交通的特点,而如何制备高效的导电沥青混凝土成为如今研究中的重点和热点。本文根据复合材料学的原理,将石墨和碳纤维掺入SBS改性沥青混合料中,制备成石墨碳纤维导电沥青混凝土,并研究其导电性能和路用性能。(1)分别选择不同石墨掺量和碳纤维掺量,固定粉胶比,将石墨、碳纤维与SBS改性沥青和石灰石矿粉并搅拌均匀,制备成石墨碳纤维导电沥青胶浆。对石墨碳纤维导电沥青胶浆进行软化点、延度试验以及动态剪切流变、布氏黏度和小梁弯曲试验,推荐石墨和碳纤维的掺量范围。结果表明:石墨的加入降低了石墨碳纤维沥青胶浆的抗高温变形能力和低温抗裂性,并且显著降低了石墨碳纤维沥青胶浆的施工和易性。碳纤维的加入可以提高石墨碳纤维沥青胶浆的抗高温变形能力,但是降低了石墨碳纤维沥青胶浆的低温抗裂性和施工和易性。(2)分别对固定石墨掺量20%、碳纤维掺量0.1%、0.2%、0.3%和固定碳纤维0.2%、石墨10%、20%、30%五组沥青混凝土进行配合比设计,研究碳纤维和石墨掺量对马歇尔体积指标、稳定度和流值的影响,并确定最佳油石比分别为:5.43%、5.58%、5.71%、5.36%、5.58%、5.85%。在最佳油石比下制备马歇尔试件,并测其电阻率和升温试验,得到石墨掺量30%+碳纤维掺量0.2%的导电性能最佳,石墨掺量20%+碳纤维掺量0.3%次之。(3)分析石墨碳纤维导电沥青混凝土导电理论。分别对石墨掺量20%+碳纤维掺量0.3%和碳纤维0.2%+石墨30%两组掺量在最佳油石比下制备车辙板试件,分别进行电阻率、升温试验和融冰化雪试验,分别得到其升温效率为83.24%、83.05%;其融冰效率为54.09%、55.77%。(4)分别对固定石墨掺量20%、碳纤维掺量0.1%、0.2%、0.3%和固定碳纤维0.2%、石墨10%、20%、30%五组沥青混凝土进行浸水马歇尔、冻融劈裂、车辙、低温弯曲试验,得到的结果均满足规范要求。其中,在满足导电性能的试件中,石墨20%+碳纤维0.3%的试件路用性能好于石墨30%+碳纤维0.2%的试件。综上所述,当石墨掺量20%、碳纤维掺量0.3%时,既可以获得优良的路用性能,也可以获得优良的导电性能,综合性能最佳。可供工程应用。
[Abstract]:Snow will make the road ice, resulting in road congestion, traffic accidents occur frequently. It is safe and effective to deicing snow by using electric thermal properties of conductive asphalt concrete, and how to prepare conductive asphalt concrete with high efficiency has become the focus and hot spot in the present research. According to the principle of composite material science, graphite and carbon fiber were mixed into SBS modified asphalt mixture to prepare graphite carbon fiber conductive asphalt concrete. The conductive properties and road properties were also studied. (1) the graphite, carbon fiber and SBS modified asphalt and limestone ore powder were mixed uniformly with different graphite content and carbon fiber content respectively, fixed the ratio of powder to adhesive, and mixed with graphite, carbon fiber and asphalt and limestone ore powder. Graphite carbon fiber conductive asphalt paste was prepared. The softening point, ductility test, dynamic shear rheological test, Brinell viscosity and beam bending test of graphite carbon fiber conductive asphalt paste are carried out. The range of graphite and carbon fiber content is recommended. The results show that the addition of graphite can reduce the high temperature deformation resistance and low temperature cracking resistance of graphite carbon fiber asphalt paste, and significantly reduce the construction and workability of graphite carbon fiber asphalt paste. The addition of carbon fiber can improve the high temperature deformation resistance of graphite carbon fiber asphalt paste, but reduce the low temperature cracking resistance, construction and workability of graphite carbon fiber asphalt paste. (2) 20% of fixed graphite content, respectively. Carbon fiber content 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and fixed carbon fiber 0.2%, graphite 10%, 20%, 30% asphalt concrete mix design, study carbon fiber and graphite content on Marshall volume index, The effects of stability and flow were determined to be 5.43%, 5.58%, 5.71%, 5.36%, 5.58%, 5.85%, respectively. Under the optimum oil-stone ratio, Marshall specimen was prepared, and its resistivity and heating test were measured. The electrical conductivity of 30% carbon fiber with 0.2% graphite content was found to be the best. The graphite content of 20% carbon fiber is 0.3%. (3) the conductive theory of graphite carbon fiber conductive asphalt concrete is analyzed. Two groups of graphite 20% carbon fiber 0.3% and 0.2% graphite 30% were prepared under the optimum oil-stone ratio, and the resistivity, heating test and snow melting test were carried out, respectively. The heating efficiency was 83.24% and 83.05% respectively. The melting efficiency is 54.09%, 55.77%. (4) 20% graphite, 0.1% carbon fiber, 0.2% carbon fiber, 0.3% fixed carbon fiber, 10% graphite, 20% graphite, respectively. The test results of immersion Marshall, freeze-thaw splitting, rut and low temperature bending of 30% five groups of asphalt concrete all meet the requirements of the code. Among them, the road performance of 20% graphite carbon fiber 0.3% test piece is better than that of 30% graphite carbon fiber 0.2% specimen. In conclusion, when the content of graphite and carbon fiber is 20% and 0.3%, both the road performance and electrical conductivity can be obtained, and the comprehensive performance is the best. Available for engineering applications.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U414

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