不同封堵场景下火源位置对隧道火灾行为影响的数值模拟研究
发布时间：2021-10-26 16:48
地下隧道发生火灾时,火灾烟气的吸入会对人员的生命安全构成直接威胁,对火行为的了解是做出有效决策的关键。以往对隧道火灾动力学的研究多设定隧道两端均处于开口状态的通风条件。在列车车厢火灾、在建隧道火灾、隧道走廊火灾等特殊隧道火灾场景下,隧道两端可能会完全或不完全地被阻塞或封闭,这将严重干扰隧道内部通风和火灾烟气蔓延的情况。目前,针对隧道狭长空间两端端部封堵状态下火灾行为的研究非常有限。基于计算机的模拟仿真工作在评估隧道火灾的后果方面是非常有用、灵活和低成本的。本研究利用火灾动力学模拟软件（FDS）来评估全尺寸隧道内的火灾特性,开展了一系列数值模拟工作,以研究在不同火灾位置、封堵时间及封堵入口比的综合作用下的火灾行为,探测并计算得到了一系列特征参数,如火源上方温度,纵向烟气温度分布,纵向氧气分布,火源附近的热通量,入口处的CO浓度以及入口处的烟气温度等。研究结果表明,火源上方的温度随着火源远离隧道中心及入口处封堵的实施而降低,而峰值增加,最大值出现在不对等封堵的情况下（75%,100%）,并且封堵时间越早,温度达到峰值的时间越短然后下降。当火源放置在隧道中央并且火源两侧对称封堵时,纵向烟气温...
【文章来源】：中国科学技术大学安徽省 211工程院校 985工程院校
【文章页数】：105 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Research Background
1.1.1 Tunnel Structure
1.1.2 Tunnels in World
1.1.3 Tunnel types and historical fire incidents
1.2 Fire Control Systems
1.2.1 Natural smoke exhaust system
1.2.2 Mechanical smoke exhaust system
1.2.3 Water-based systems
1.2.4 Sealing of entrances
1.3 Aim of the Thesis
1.4 Thesis Structure
Chapter 2 Literature review of tunnel fire
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Fire Characteristics in Tunnels
2.3 HRR of Tunnel Fire
2.3.1 Measuring technique
2.3.2 Influence of tunnel geometry
2.3.3 Influence of ventilation conditions
2.4 Fundamental research work done in the tunnel
2.4.1 Smoke lift and transmission
2.4.2 Maximum temperature above fire source
2.4.3 Longitudinal temperature distribution
2.4.4 Other research work done in tunnels
2.5 Tunnel fire with plugging portals
Chapter 3 Introduction to FDS and FDS work done
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Surfaces
3.1.2 Smokeview
3.1.3 Pyrosim
3.2 Corresponding equations
3.3 FDS fire modeling
3.3.1 Combustion model
3.3.2 Turbulence model
3.3.3 Smoke generation
3.3.4 Mesh sizing
3.3.5 Output data measuring devices
3.3.6 Limitations
3.4 Fire modeling approach in this thesis
3.4.1 Froude Scaling Law
3.4.2 Domain and mesh resolution
3.4.3 Geometry of tunnel
3.4.4 Verification of FDS modeling
3.4.5 Grid sensitivity analysis
3.4.6 Numerical cases
Chapter 4 Effect of different fire locations
4.1 No sealing case
4.1.1 Temperature above fire source
4.1.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
4.1.3 Heat flux near the fire source
4.1.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
4.1.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
4.1.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
4.2 When the entrance is sealed 75%,75% simultaneously
4.2.1 Temperature above fire source
4.2.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
4.2.3 Heat flux near the fire source
4.2.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
4.2.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
4.2.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
4.3 When entrances are sealed 75%,100%
4.3.1 Temperature above fire source
4.3.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
4.3.3 Heat flux near the fire source
4.3.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
4.3.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
4.3.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
4.4 When the entrance is sealed 100%, 100% simultaneously
4.4.1 Temperature above fire source
4.4.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
4.4.3 Heat flux near the fire source
4.4.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
4.4.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
4.4.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
4.5 Summary
Chapter 5 Effect of different sealing ratios
5.1 When fire source is located at center x=0
5.1.1 Temperature above fire source
5.1.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
5.1.3 Heat flux near the fire source
5.1.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
5.1.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
5.1.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
5.2 When fire source is located at x=-20
5.2.1 Temperature above fire source
5.2.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
5.2.3 Heat flux near the fire source
5.2.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
5.2.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
5.2.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
5.3 When fire source is located at x=-40
5.3.1 Temperature above fire source
5.3.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
5.3.3 Heat flux near the fire source
5.3.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
5.3.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
5.3.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
5.4 Summary
Chapter 6 Effect of different sealing time
6.1 When fire source is located at center x=0
6.1.1 Temperature above fire source
6.1.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
6.1.3 Heat flux near the fire source
6.1.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
6.1.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
6.1.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
6.2 When fire source is located at x=-20
6.2.1 Temperature above fire source
6.2.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
6.2.3 Heat flux near the fire source
6.2.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
6.2.5 Longitudinal Oxygen Distribution
6.2.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
6.3 When fire source is located at x=-40
6.3.1 Temperature above fire source
6.3.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
6.3.3 Heat flux near the fire source
6.3.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
6.3.5 Longitudinal Oxygen Distribution
6.3.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
6.4 Summary
Chapter 7 Conclusions and Future recommendations
7.1 Conclusions
7.2 Future recommendations
References
Acknowledgement
Research Achievements
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]封堵战术在铁路隧道火灾扑救中的运用[J]. 李来保,王永西,张益民. 消防科学与技术. 2011(10)
本文编号：3459854
【文章来源】：中国科学技术大学安徽省 211工程院校 985工程院校
【文章页数】：105 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Research Background
1.1.1 Tunnel Structure
1.1.2 Tunnels in World
1.1.3 Tunnel types and historical fire incidents
1.2 Fire Control Systems
1.2.1 Natural smoke exhaust system
1.2.2 Mechanical smoke exhaust system
1.2.3 Water-based systems
1.2.4 Sealing of entrances
1.3 Aim of the Thesis
1.4 Thesis Structure
Chapter 2 Literature review of tunnel fire
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Fire Characteristics in Tunnels
2.3 HRR of Tunnel Fire
2.3.1 Measuring technique
2.3.2 Influence of tunnel geometry
2.3.3 Influence of ventilation conditions
2.4 Fundamental research work done in the tunnel
2.4.1 Smoke lift and transmission
2.4.2 Maximum temperature above fire source
2.4.3 Longitudinal temperature distribution
2.4.4 Other research work done in tunnels
2.5 Tunnel fire with plugging portals
Chapter 3 Introduction to FDS and FDS work done
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Surfaces
3.1.2 Smokeview
3.1.3 Pyrosim
3.2 Corresponding equations
3.3 FDS fire modeling
3.3.1 Combustion model
3.3.2 Turbulence model
3.3.3 Smoke generation
3.3.4 Mesh sizing
3.3.5 Output data measuring devices
3.3.6 Limitations
3.4 Fire modeling approach in this thesis
3.4.1 Froude Scaling Law
3.4.2 Domain and mesh resolution
3.4.3 Geometry of tunnel
3.4.4 Verification of FDS modeling
3.4.5 Grid sensitivity analysis
3.4.6 Numerical cases
Chapter 4 Effect of different fire locations
4.1 No sealing case
4.1.1 Temperature above fire source
4.1.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
4.1.3 Heat flux near the fire source
4.1.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
4.1.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
4.1.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
4.2 When the entrance is sealed 75%,75% simultaneously
4.2.1 Temperature above fire source
4.2.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
4.2.3 Heat flux near the fire source
4.2.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
4.2.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
4.2.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
4.3 When entrances are sealed 75%,100%
4.3.1 Temperature above fire source
4.3.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
4.3.3 Heat flux near the fire source
4.3.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
4.3.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
4.3.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
4.4 When the entrance is sealed 100%, 100% simultaneously
4.4.1 Temperature above fire source
4.4.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
4.4.3 Heat flux near the fire source
4.4.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
4.4.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
4.4.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
4.5 Summary
Chapter 5 Effect of different sealing ratios
5.1 When fire source is located at center x=0
5.1.1 Temperature above fire source
5.1.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
5.1.3 Heat flux near the fire source
5.1.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
5.1.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
5.1.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
5.2 When fire source is located at x=-20
5.2.1 Temperature above fire source
5.2.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
5.2.3 Heat flux near the fire source
5.2.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
5.2.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
5.2.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
5.3 When fire source is located at x=-40
5.3.1 Temperature above fire source
5.3.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
5.3.3 Heat flux near the fire source
5.3.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
5.3.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
5.3.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
5.4 Summary
Chapter 6 Effect of different sealing time
6.1 When fire source is located at center x=0
6.1.1 Temperature above fire source
6.1.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
6.1.3 Heat flux near the fire source
6.1.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
6.1.5 Longitudinal Oxygen distribution
6.1.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
6.2 When fire source is located at x=-20
6.2.1 Temperature above fire source
6.2.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
6.2.3 Heat flux near the fire source
6.2.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
6.2.5 Longitudinal Oxygen Distribution
6.2.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
6.3 When fire source is located at x=-40
6.3.1 Temperature above fire source
6.3.2 Longitudinal smoke temperature distribution
6.3.3 Heat flux near the fire source
6.3.4 CO concentration at the left entrance
6.3.5 Longitudinal Oxygen Distribution
6.3.6 Smoke temperature at the entrance
6.4 Summary
Chapter 7 Conclusions and Future recommendations
7.1 Conclusions
7.2 Future recommendations
References
Acknowledgement
Research Achievements
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]封堵战术在铁路隧道火灾扑救中的运用[J]. 李来保,王永西,张益民. 消防科学与技术. 2011(10)
本文编号：3459854
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