国家重点生态功能区人类活动空间变化及其聚集分析

发布时间：2019-06-12 19:45

【摘要】：国家重点生态功能区是国家为保护、恢复和提高区域水源涵养、防风固沙、保持水土、调蓄洪水、保护生物多样性等重要生态功能而划定的需要重点保护和限制开发的区域。分析国家重点生态功能区人类活动空间变化,是环保等相关部门把握国家生态功能区宏观生态环境状况,并对其进行量化监管的重要手段。为此,本文基于面向对象方法提取了国家重点生态功能区510个县2010年、2015年两期的生态环境变化空间分布信息,并在此基础上采用土地利用转移矩阵及核密度法对两期人类活动造成的生态环境变化时空分布进行了分析。研究结果表明:国家重点生态功能区的生态环境变化中,71.77%的变化为耕地、工矿、建设用地的转入,27.53%为植被的转入;核密度提取出5个热点区域,包括燕山地区、吕梁山地区、黄土高原地区、武当山地区、大别山地区,占总变化图斑数的24.64%,黄土高原地区和大别山地区变化主要来自于工矿和建设用地的扩张,燕山地区和吕梁山地区变化主要来自于工矿用地的扩张,武当山地区变化主要来自于建设用地的扩张;以变化面积加权的核密度提取出1个热点区域,即西拉木伦河地区,占总变化面积的20.53%,该地区的变化主要来自于耕地的扩张。
[Abstract]:The national key ecological function area is the area to protect, restore and improve the water conservation of the regional water source, to prevent wind and sand, to keep water and soil, to regulate the flood, to protect the biological diversity and other important ecological functions, to protect and limit the development. The paper analyzes the change of the space of the human activities in the key ecological function area of the country, and it is an important means of the environmental protection and other relevant departments to grasp the state of the macro ecological environment of the national ecological functional area and to carry out the quantitative supervision on it. In this paper, based on the object-oriented method, the spatial distribution information of the ecological environment in the 510 counties,2010 and 2015 of the national key ecological functional area is extracted. On the basis of this, the spatial and temporal distribution of the ecological environment caused by the two-stage human activities is analyzed by the use of the land-use transfer matrix and the nuclear density method. The results show that 71.77% of the change of the ecological environment of the national key ecological function area is the transfer of the cultivated land, the industrial mine and the construction land, 27.53% is the transfer of the vegetation, and the nuclear density extracts 5 hot spots, including the Yanshan area, the Luang Mountain area and the Loess Plateau. In the Wudang Mountain area, the Dabie Mountain area, which accounts for 24.64% of the total change figure, mainly comes from the expansion of the mining and construction land in the Loess Plateau and the Dabie Mountains, and the changes in the Yanshan area and the Luliangshan area mainly come from the expansion of the industrial and mining land. The change of Wudang Mountain is mainly from the expansion of the construction land, and one hot spot area is extracted with the weighted nuclear density of the change area, that is, the area of the Silas Mullen River, accounting for 20.53% of the total change area, and the change of the area mainly comes from the expansion of the cultivated land.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院大学;环境保护部卫星环境应用中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学青年基金项目(51309210) 国家高分辨率对地观测重大专项项目(30-Y30B13-9003-14/16-04;05-Y30B02-9001-13/15)
【分类号】：X24

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