铁岭控制单元水质目标管理技术研究

发布时间：2019-06-24 22:44

【摘要】：近几十年来,随着我国社会经济的跨越式发展,污染物排放量严重超出了水环境容量,不断恶化的水环境污染已经成为阻碍我国社会经济可持续发展的重要因素。控制单元水质目标管理是在“分区、分类、分级、分期”的水环境管理理念的指导下,在“流域-区域-控制单元-污染源”水环境管理层次体系中,以流域总量控制为基础、立足于控制单元、面向污染源的水质管理方法。在估算污染物排放量时需要考虑研究区域内的点源和非点源两部分。模型化研究是我国非点源污染研究的主要形式,SWAT模型以其综合、分布、基于物理机制的特点,在水文模拟、非点源污染控制、水质评价等方面得到了广泛的应用。本研究是针对区域水环境问题,以辽河流域铁岭控制单元为研究对象,收集研究区资料,构建目标区域环境信息数据库。建立了基于SWAT模型的铁岭地区非点源和点源叠加的污染物排放量核算体系,对水量、泥沙、水质的率定验证结果表明,Ens、R2、Re均符合模拟要求,说明模型在山区丘陵地区适用性令人满意。应用验证完成的SWAT模型,在保证非点源污染不变的情况下,对点源进行情景分析,计算不同减排措施对氨氮的消减率。结果表明,当畜禽养殖、城镇生活、工业点源综合消减70%时,通江口和珠尔山水质超标率可分别降至12.0%、9.2%。此研究为改善水环境质量,保障水环境安全,实施水环境管理提供借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, with the leap-forward development of our country's social economy, the emission of pollutants is seriously beyond the water environmental capacity, and the continuous deterioration of the water environmental pollution has become an important factor to hinder the sustainable development of our country's social economy. The water quality target management of the control unit is under the guidance of the "Division, classification, classification, stage" 's water environment management concept. In the "Watershed-Area-Control Unit-Source of Pollution" water environment management level system, the water quality management method based on the total amount of the basin is based on the control unit and the pollution source. It is necessary to consider the point source and non-point source in the study area when estimating the pollutant discharge. The model research is the main form of non-point source pollution research in China. The SWAT model is widely used in the aspects of hydrological simulation, non-point source pollution control and water quality evaluation based on the characteristics of the physical mechanism. Aiming at the problem of regional water environment, the iron-ridge control unit in the Liaohe river basin is the research object, and the data of the research area is collected and the target regional environment information database is constructed. The pollutant emission accounting system based on SWAT model for non-point source and point source superpose in Tieling area is established. The results show that Ens, R2 and Re are all in accordance with the simulation requirements. The SWAT model, which is completed by application, is used to analyze the point source under the condition that the non-point source pollution is not changed, and the reduction rate of the different emission reduction measures on the ammonia nitrogen is calculated. The results show that the water quality of Tongjiangkou and Pearl Mountain can be reduced to 12.0% and 9.2%, respectively, when the comprehensive reduction of the livestock and poultry breeding, the urban life and the industrial point source is reduced by 70%. This study provides a reference for improving the water environment quality, ensuring the safety of the water environment and implementing the water environment management.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52

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