基于无线倾角传感器测量桥梁挠度的方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 01:20

本文选题：无线倾角传感器　切入点：倾角　出处：《河北工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国桥梁维护、旧桥安全评估或新桥验收大都采用百分表或位移计直接测量桥梁挠度。该方法的优点是设备简单，可以进行多点检测，直接得到各测点的挠度数值，测量结果稳定可靠。但是直接测量方法需要在各测点拉钢丝或者搭设架子，桥下有水时无法测量；当受到铁路或公路行车限界的影响时，对跨线桥及跨越峡谷等地形的高桥也无法采用直接方法进行测量，而且布设和撤消仪表都比较繁杂，耗时较长。本文系统介绍了一种桥梁挠度检测方法。在与桥梁中轴线平行的轴线上的若干选定的测点上布设倾角传感器，得到加载前后的倾角变化。通过计算可以得到该轴线上任何点的动挠度或者静挠度。通过实测与建模分析，该方法适用于动载和静载作用下的简支梁和连续梁，且具有很高的精度。利用无线倾角传感器测量桥梁不需要静止的参考点，，特别适于测量跨河桥、跨线桥、大型的跨海、跨峡谷桥梁和高桥，大大提高了测量效率。本文主要研究的工作和主要成果如下： 1．全面回顾了现今国内外桥梁检测中的挠度测量研究的现状及最新的进展，介绍了现在常用的桥梁挠度的测量方法，例如百分表法、激光图像测量法及连通管测量法等，对比分析了这几种方法各自的优点、缺点及其适用条件；以此为基础着重介绍了本文的研究对象——基于无线倾角传感器测量桥梁挠度。 2．根据桥上各测点的倾角值，结合三次样条函数推导求解挠度的方程式。 3．以上述方程式为基础，借助于Matlab编写了根据倾角计算挠度的程序，并基于Matlab制作了GUI操作界面。 4．建立钢筋混凝土简支梁桥和三跨变截面连续刚构桥的Ansys有限元模型，在模型上各个位置施加荷载，模拟实桥受力，并求解。结果表明Ansys求解的挠度值与根据倾角计算的挠度值吻合的很好。
[Abstract]:In China, bridge maintenance, safety assessment of old bridges or acceptance of new bridges mostly use a percentile or displacement meter to measure the deflection of the bridge directly. The advantage of this method is that the equipment is simple, and the deflection values of each measuring point can be directly obtained. The results of measurement are stable and reliable. However, direct measurement methods need to draw steel wire or set up frames at each measuring point, and cannot be measured when there is water under the bridge. It is difficult to measure the overpass bridge and the high bridge across the canyon by direct method. Moreover, the arrangement and withdrawal of the instrument are complicated and time-consuming. In this paper, a bridge deflection detection method is introduced systematically. The inclination sensor is arranged on some selected measuring points on the axis parallel to the central axis of the bridge. The dynamic deflection or static deflection of any point on the axis can be obtained by calculation. The method is suitable for simply supported beams and continuous beams under dynamic and static loads. It is especially suitable for measuring cross-river bridge, cross-bridge, large-scale cross-sea bridge, cross-canyon bridge and high bridge, which greatly improves the measuring efficiency. The main work and results of this paper are as follows:. 1. The present situation and the latest progress in the research of bridge deflection measurement at home and abroad are comprehensively reviewed, and the commonly used bridge deflection measurement methods, such as percentile method, laser image measurement method and connected tube measurement method, are introduced. The advantages, disadvantages and applicable conditions of each of these methods are compared and analyzed, and the research object of this paper, the bridge deflection measurement based on wireless inclination sensor, is introduced emphatically. 2. According to the inclination values of the measured points on the bridge, the equation of deflection is derived by combining the cubic spline function. 3. Based on the above equations, the program of calculating deflection according to inclination angle is written by Matlab, and the interface of GUI is made based on Matlab. 4. The Ansys finite element model of reinforced concrete simply supported beam bridge and three span continuous rigid frame bridge with variable cross section is established. The results show that the deflection calculated by Ansys is in good agreement with the deflection calculated according to the inclination angle.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U446

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