《几何原本》的传日及其影响考述

发布时间：2018-06-18 22:32

本文选题：《几何原本》 + 江户时期　；参考：《自然辩证法通讯》2017年02期

【摘要】：明末《几何原本》不仅影响了中国传统数学,传播到海外,在日本等东亚国家产生了较大影响,对此尚未有详细论著出现。甚者,一些珍贵抄本的存在也未被中日学者所关注。本文考察欧几里得几何学的传日,通过大量的实地调查全面了解到珍藏于日本各地图书馆和文库的明末《几何原本》版本,介绍了未被学界关注的几种珍贵的抄本,探讨了其学术价值。一些日本学者认为,日本传统数学"和算"中没有证明的观点,所以江户时期的人们无法理解欧几里得几何学的公理化体系和演绎体系,传日的《几何原本》没有产生任何影响。文中笔者对此观点提出质疑,通过考察和研究指出了《几何原本》在德川幕府"禁书令"颁布前后均大量传日,上到掌权的幕府官员或皇室成员,下到平民百姓,广泛收藏各种版本,一些学者也认识到演绎证明的重要性,学习和研究西方几何学的历史事实。
[Abstract]:Geometry in late Ming Dynasty not only influenced Chinese traditional mathematics and spread abroad, but also had great influence in East Asian countries such as Japan, which has not been discussed in detail. Moreover, the existence of some precious manuscripts has not been concerned by Chinese and Japanese scholars. This paper examines the history of Euclidean Geometry, and through a large number of field investigations, finds out the edition of the original Geometry of late Ming Dynasty, which is treasured in libraries and libraries throughout Japan, and introduces several precious manuscripts that have not received the attention of scholars. Its academic value is discussed. Some Japanese scholars believe that there is no proven point of view in Japanese traditional mathematics "sum calculation", so people in Edo period could not understand the axiomatic system and deductive system of Euclidean geometry. The original geometry of the passing day had no effect. In this paper, the author questions this point of view. Through investigation and research, the author points out that "Geometry original" has been widely spread before and after the promulgation of the Dechuan Shogunate, from the shogunate officials or members of the royal family who came to power, and down to the common people. Some scholars recognize the importance of deductive proof and study the historical facts of western geometry.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重点项目“汉译《几何原本》的文化史研究”(项目编号:13AZS022)
【分类号】：O11

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