贵州省各市州发展效率评价及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-08-24 18:13

【摘要】：贵州省是我国西部欠发达地区的主要代表,是我国经济大环境下较为薄弱的一环,对贵州省的发展现状和影响因素进行深刻探讨具有非常实际的意义。贵州省城镇和农村之间的贫富差距较大,若仅研究城镇或农村的情况,便不能全面了解整个贵州省的经济状况。经济基础决定上层建筑,一个地域的全面高速发展必然离不开经济条件的支撑,但完全不计成本的发展会造成大量的资源浪费,最后即使经济状况得到明显改善,也是建立在牺牲环境破坏生态的基础上的,这样的发展方式最终会使得经济走向崩溃的边缘,显然得不偿失。经济的发展应当以高效率为目标,只有具有高效率的发展,才能产生良好的效益。尤其是在资源相对匮乏的西部欠发达大省,更应将追求高效率的发展作为目标。本文以贵州省9个市州为研究对象,研究这些市州2011—2014年的城乡经济发展效率,选择年末常住人口数,固定资产投资,农业播种面积,境内公路里程和单位生产总值电耗为投入指标;并选择具有综合意义的地区生产总值,税收收入,反映城乡居民生活质量的收入指标——城镇居民人均可支配收入和农村居民人均纯收入,共同作为产出指标,运用数据包络分析法计算各市州发展的相对效率,研究其最优生产状态和发展思路。在具体的计算过程中,结合因子分析法,运用传统数据包络分析法分析各市州城乡经济发展的技术效率、规模效率和规模报酬,并进一步分析影响各市州发展效率的主要因素。另外,通过引入对抗型交叉评价策略,将传统方法中同时有效的决策单元进一步区分开,并对两种方法的计算结果进行比较,比较结果很好地论证了本文选取研究方法的合理性。另外,采用聚类分析的统计方法将贵州省9个市州的效率值共分为三类,分别分析不同类型中标杆市州的发展现状,并研究促使这些市州发展良好的主要因素。贵州省各市州发展的总体效率结果表明:一方面,虽然贵州省整体经济发展效率在提升,经济发展步入良性轨道,但目前仍有三分之二的市州技术效率较低甚至技术无效;另一方面,导致技术效率较低或无效的原因主要是纯技术无效,规模过大和规模过小。各市州的对抗型交叉效率评价结果表明:(1)贵州省9个市州的分类情况较为稳定;(2)大量投入各种生产要素,并最大限度地提高生产效率,从而期待使其生产结果最优,此种发展模式并不可取;(3)各市州发展效率存在差异的主要原因是投入要素结构不合理。
[Abstract]:Guizhou Province is the main representative of the underdeveloped areas in the western part of our country, and is a relatively weak link in the economic environment of our country. It is of great practical significance to deeply discuss the present development situation and the influencing factors of Guizhou Province. There is a big gap between the rich and the poor between towns and villages in Guizhou Province. If we only study the situation of towns or villages, we can not fully understand the economic situation of Guizhou Province. The economic base determines the superstructure, and the overall rapid development of a region is bound to be supported by economic conditions, but development that does not take into account the cost will result in a large amount of waste of resources, even if the economic situation is significantly improved. It is also based on the sacrifice of the environment to destroy the ecology. Such development will eventually lead the economy to the brink of collapse, which obviously outweighs the gain. The development of economy should aim at high efficiency. Especially in the less developed western province, which is lack of resources, we should pursue high efficiency development as the goal. This paper takes 9 cities and states of Guizhou Province as the research object, studies the urban and rural economic development efficiency of these cities and states in 2011-2014, chooses the number of permanent resident population, the fixed asset investment, the agricultural sowing area at the end of the year. Road mileage and electricity consumption per unit of gross domestic product shall be taken as input indicators; and regional gross domestic product and tax revenue of comprehensive significance shall be selected, The per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents and the per capita net income of rural residents, which reflect the quality of life of urban and rural residents, are taken as output indicators together, and the relative efficiency of the development of cities and states is calculated by using the data envelopment analysis method. The optimal production state and development ideas are studied. In the concrete calculation process, combining the factor analysis method, the traditional data envelopment analysis method is used to analyze the technical efficiency, scale efficiency and scale reward of the urban and rural economic development of each city state, and the main factors influencing the development efficiency of each city state are further analyzed. In addition, by introducing the confrontational cross-evaluation strategy, the decision units which are effective in the traditional methods are further distinguished, and the calculated results of the two methods are compared. The comparison results demonstrate the rationality of the research method. In addition, the efficiency values of 9 cities and states in Guizhou Province are divided into three categories by cluster analysis, and the main factors that promote the development of these cities are studied. The results show that: on the one hand, although the overall economic development efficiency of Guizhou Province is improving and the economic development is on a benign track, at present, 2/3 of the cities and prefectures still have low or even ineffective technical efficiency; On the other hand, the main causes of low or ineffective technical efficiency are that pure technology is ineffective, scale is too large and scale is too small. The results show that: (1) the classification of 9 cities and states in Guizhou Province is relatively stable; (2) a large number of production factors are invested, and the production efficiency is maximized, so as to make the production results optimal. (3) the main reason for the differences in the development efficiency of different cities and states is the unreasonable structure of input elements.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F224;F127

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