水稻种植减缓与适应气候变化的措施与激励机制研究
发布时间：2021-03-07 10:09
稻田既是温室气体排放的重要来源,也是农业适应气候变化的主要领域。通过改变水稻的耕作方法既可以降低温室气体排放,又能够影响农户适应气候变化的能力。论文针对稻田领域的减缓与适应问题以泰国披集府为案例开展研究,识别该领域减缓与适应气候变化的技术措施及影响农户行为选择的主要因素,并提出激励机制。本研究首先建立了基于生命周期温室气体排放（LCA-GHG）、效益/成本比（B/C）、边际减排成本（MAC）等指标的水稻种植减缓技术措施的评价方法,并提出了相应的计算公式和模型。然后,基于计划行为理论和多元逻辑回归模型方法建立了农户在水稻种植领域进行减缓和适应技术选择的决策模型。在技术手段方面本研究重点考虑了中期排水、用硫酸铵代替尿素、以及养分管理等措施。为应用上述方法和模型,选择案例区域开展了四轮面对面的访谈调研以收集一手数据,分别在2013年8月、2014年11月、2015年12月和2016年1月。共收集了661个农户家庭的样本,覆盖了Yom流域的37个村（321个农户家庭）和Nan流域的41个村（340个农户家庭）。研究结果表明在灌区实施三熟制,即在第一茬和第二茬水稻收割后进行绿豆轮作,是最优方案;...
【文章来源】：清华大学北京市 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：167 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Rice cultivation practice in Thailand
1.1.1 Rice varieties
1.1.2 Planting methods
1.1.3 Water management during growth
1.1.4 Fertilization
1.1.5 Use of pesticides and herbicides
1.1.6 Harvesting methods
1.1.7 Rice residues management
1.2 Greenhouse gas mitigation techniques
1.2.1 Water management
1.2.2 Inhibitor application
1.2.3 Reduction on nitrous oxide emission
1.3 Climate change adaptation
1.4 Significance of this research
1.5 Research questions
1.6 Objectives
1.7 Scope of the study
Chapter 2 METHODOLOGY
2.1 Methodological framework
2.2 Study area
2.3 Field survey and data collection
2.3.1 A quantitative approach
2.3.2 A qualitative approach
2.4 System boundary, functional unit and limitations
2.5 GHG emissions calculation
2.5.1 GHG emissions from raw materials production
2.5.2 GHG emissions from utilization
2.5.3 CH4 emission from rice cultivation
2.5.4 N2O emission from managed soils
2.5.5 GHG emissions from field burning
2.6 Economic analysis
2.6.1 B/C ratio
2.6.2 Net Profit
2.6.3 Marginal Abatement Cost （MAC） and Average Abatement Cost （AAC）
2.7 Logistic regression model
2.7.1 Binary logistic model for farmer decision
2.7.2 Multinomial logistic model for mitigation and adaptation strategies
2.8 Empirical specification of econometric approach variables
2.9 Theory of planned behavior
2.10 Communicating adaptation to climate change （CACC）
Chapter 3 ALTERNATIVE CROPPING SYSTEMS FOR GREENHOUSE GASES MITIGATION IN RICE FIELD
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Materials and methods
3.2.1 Site selection
3.2.2 Data collection
3.2.3 System boundary, functional unit and GHG emissions calculation
3.2.4 Economic analysis: benefit-cost ratio （B/C）, net profit and average abatement cost （AAC）
3.2.5 Statistical analysis
3.3 Results and discussion
3.3.1 GHG emissions based on life cycle stage in different cropping systems
3.3.2 Crop yields and GHG emissions from different cropping systems
3.3.3 GHG emissions from different farm sizes
3.3.4 Cost and benefit structure, B/C ratio and AAC
3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 INCENTIVE MEASURES AND FARMER ACCEPTANCE OF MITIGATION TECHNIQUES FOR RICE PRODUCTION
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and methods
4.2.1 Analytical framework
4.2.2 Mitigation technique selection
4.2.3 Site selection
4.2.4 Data collection
4.2.5 System boundary, functional unit and GHG emissions calculation
4.2.6 Economic analysis
4.2.7 Evaluation of acceptability to farmers
4.2.8 Estimating the determinants of mitigation techniques and socio-economic variables
4.3 Results and discussion
4.3.1 Summary statistics
4.3.2 Cost of rice production under BAU and mitigation techniques
4.3.3 GHG emissions, abatement potential and AAC under BAU and using mitigation techniques
4.3.4 Acceptability to farmers of mitigation techniques and barriers to acceptance
4.3.5 Factors determining farmers’ decision
4.3.6 Comprehensive implementation mechanisms for developing incentive measures
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 FARMERS’ INTENTION AND DECISION TO ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and methods
5.2.1 Conceptual framework
5.2.2 Econometric approach
5.2.3 Socio-psychological approach and variables analysis
5.2.4 Study area
5.2.5 Survey method
5.2.6 Climate trend and variability
5.3 Results and discussion
5.3.1 Summary statistics
5.3.2 Farmers’ perceptions of climate change, adaptation strategies, and barriers
5.3.3 Estimation results of farmers’ decision to adaptation and adaptation strategies
5.3.4 Testing the ability of the TPB and influencing factors for non-adapt farmer’s intention
5.3.5 Policy implication
5.4 Summary
Chapter 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1 Conclusions
6.2 Recommendations
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
RESUME
本文编号：3068886
【文章来源】：清华大学北京市 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：167 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Rice cultivation practice in Thailand
1.1.1 Rice varieties
1.1.2 Planting methods
1.1.3 Water management during growth
1.1.4 Fertilization
1.1.5 Use of pesticides and herbicides
1.1.6 Harvesting methods
1.1.7 Rice residues management
1.2 Greenhouse gas mitigation techniques
1.2.1 Water management
1.2.2 Inhibitor application
1.2.3 Reduction on nitrous oxide emission
1.3 Climate change adaptation
1.4 Significance of this research
1.5 Research questions
1.6 Objectives
1.7 Scope of the study
Chapter 2 METHODOLOGY
2.1 Methodological framework
2.2 Study area
2.3 Field survey and data collection
2.3.1 A quantitative approach
2.3.2 A qualitative approach
2.4 System boundary, functional unit and limitations
2.5 GHG emissions calculation
2.5.1 GHG emissions from raw materials production
2.5.2 GHG emissions from utilization
2.5.3 CH4 emission from rice cultivation
2.5.4 N2O emission from managed soils
2.5.5 GHG emissions from field burning
2.6 Economic analysis
2.6.1 B/C ratio
2.6.2 Net Profit
2.6.3 Marginal Abatement Cost （MAC） and Average Abatement Cost （AAC）
2.7 Logistic regression model
2.7.1 Binary logistic model for farmer decision
2.7.2 Multinomial logistic model for mitigation and adaptation strategies
2.8 Empirical specification of econometric approach variables
2.9 Theory of planned behavior
2.10 Communicating adaptation to climate change （CACC）
Chapter 3 ALTERNATIVE CROPPING SYSTEMS FOR GREENHOUSE GASES MITIGATION IN RICE FIELD
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Materials and methods
3.2.1 Site selection
3.2.2 Data collection
3.2.3 System boundary, functional unit and GHG emissions calculation
3.2.4 Economic analysis: benefit-cost ratio （B/C）, net profit and average abatement cost （AAC）
3.2.5 Statistical analysis
3.3 Results and discussion
3.3.1 GHG emissions based on life cycle stage in different cropping systems
3.3.2 Crop yields and GHG emissions from different cropping systems
3.3.3 GHG emissions from different farm sizes
3.3.4 Cost and benefit structure, B/C ratio and AAC
3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 INCENTIVE MEASURES AND FARMER ACCEPTANCE OF MITIGATION TECHNIQUES FOR RICE PRODUCTION
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and methods
4.2.1 Analytical framework
4.2.2 Mitigation technique selection
4.2.3 Site selection
4.2.4 Data collection
4.2.5 System boundary, functional unit and GHG emissions calculation
4.2.6 Economic analysis
4.2.7 Evaluation of acceptability to farmers
4.2.8 Estimating the determinants of mitigation techniques and socio-economic variables
4.3 Results and discussion
4.3.1 Summary statistics
4.3.2 Cost of rice production under BAU and mitigation techniques
4.3.3 GHG emissions, abatement potential and AAC under BAU and using mitigation techniques
4.3.4 Acceptability to farmers of mitigation techniques and barriers to acceptance
4.3.5 Factors determining farmers’ decision
4.3.6 Comprehensive implementation mechanisms for developing incentive measures
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 FARMERS’ INTENTION AND DECISION TO ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and methods
5.2.1 Conceptual framework
5.2.2 Econometric approach
5.2.3 Socio-psychological approach and variables analysis
5.2.4 Study area
5.2.5 Survey method
5.2.6 Climate trend and variability
5.3 Results and discussion
5.3.1 Summary statistics
5.3.2 Farmers’ perceptions of climate change, adaptation strategies, and barriers
5.3.3 Estimation results of farmers’ decision to adaptation and adaptation strategies
5.3.4 Testing the ability of the TPB and influencing factors for non-adapt farmer’s intention
5.3.5 Policy implication
5.4 Summary
Chapter 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1 Conclusions
6.2 Recommendations
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
RESUME
本文编号：3068886
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