三个二倍体棉种染色体加倍方法的探讨
发布时间:2022-02-04 18:16
多倍化是指在植物进化基本过程中两个或多个基因组合并到同一细胞核。通过对植物不同谱系分析及基因组分析,结果表明,所有开花植物在进化历程中都经历了至少一次多倍体化事件。长期以来,秋水仙素被广泛用于植物的多倍体诱导。二倍体栽培棉种含有抗生物胁迫和非生物胁迫等特有抗性基因源,且纤维品质优良,在纤维长度和强度方面具有很好的利用价值。目前直接通过种间远缘杂交,将这些优良性状转移到广泛栽培的四倍体棉花品种比较困难。如果能够将二倍体棉种(草棉Gossypium herbaceum,亚洲棉Gossypium arboreum.或雷蒙德氏棉Gossypium raimondii)的染色体数目加倍,不仅能够解决二倍体与四倍体远缘杂交困难,同时也解决了二倍体与四倍体棉种杂交种不育的问题。本研究对三个二倍体棉种草棉、亚洲棉和雷蒙德氏棉进行了种子浸泡、幼苗水培和组织培养条件下3种方法的染色体加倍处理。结果表明,在种子浸泡和幼苗水培情况下,3个棉种均表现为秋水仙碱浓度在0.5%时加倍效果最好。种子浸泡处理时,草棉加倍成功率最高(87.3%),雷蒙德氏棉加倍效率次之(82%),亚洲棉加倍效率最小(69.3%)。在组织...
【文章来源】:中国农业科学院北京市
【文章页数】:93 页
【学位级别】:博士
【文章目录】:
摘要
ABSTRACT
ABBREVIATIONS
Dedication
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 POLYPLOIDY IN COTTON
1.2 ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF COTTON
1.3 TAXONOMY AND GENOMIC EVOLUTION
1.4 GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION
1.5 THE CELL CYCLE
1.6 COLCHICINE AND CHROMOSOME DOUBLING
1.7 HAPLOIDS AND DOUBLED HAPLOIDS
1.8 HAPLOID TECHNIQUES
1.8.1 In situ induction of maternal haploids
1.8.2 Pollination with pollen of the same species
1.8.3 Wide hybridization
1.9 IN VITRO INDUCTION OF MATERNAL HAPLOIDS - GYNOGENESIS
1.10 PATERNAL HAPLOIDS - ANDROGENESIS
1.11 IDENTIFICATION OF (DOUBLED) HAPLOIDS
1.12 DOUBLED HAPLOID
1.13 APPLICATIONS OF DOUBLED HAPLOIDS
1.14 DOUBLED HAPLOID AND MOLECULAR GENETIC
1.15 STUDY OBJECTIVES
CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 PLANT MATERIALS
2.1.1 Gossypium herbaceum
2.1.2 Gossypium arboreum
2.1.3 Gossypium raimondii
2.2 SEED PREPARATION AND TREATMENT
2.3 PREPARATION OF COLCHICINE AND DILUTION METHOD
2.4 SEED TREATMENT TECHNIQUE
2.5 SEEDLING TREATMENT
2.5.1 Hydroponic set up
2.5.2 Hoagland nutrient solution
2.6 TISSUE CULTURE TREATMENT
2.7 CHROMOSOME COUNTING
2.8 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 3 RESULT
3.1 SEED TREATMENT
3.2 TISSUE CULTURE TREATMENT
3.3 SEEDLING TREATMENT
3.4 CHROMOSOME COUNTING
CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CURRICULUM VITAE
【参考文献】:
期刊论文
[1]小麦─天蓝偃麦草二属杂种花药培养基的建立和应用[J]. 贾旭,庄家骏,胡适全,俞春江,聂道泰. 中国农业科学. 1994(04)
本文编号:3613699
【文章来源】:中国农业科学院北京市
【文章页数】:93 页
【学位级别】:博士
【文章目录】:
摘要
ABSTRACT
ABBREVIATIONS
Dedication
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 POLYPLOIDY IN COTTON
1.2 ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF COTTON
1.3 TAXONOMY AND GENOMIC EVOLUTION
1.4 GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION
1.5 THE CELL CYCLE
1.6 COLCHICINE AND CHROMOSOME DOUBLING
1.7 HAPLOIDS AND DOUBLED HAPLOIDS
1.8 HAPLOID TECHNIQUES
1.8.1 In situ induction of maternal haploids
1.8.2 Pollination with pollen of the same species
1.8.3 Wide hybridization
1.9 IN VITRO INDUCTION OF MATERNAL HAPLOIDS - GYNOGENESIS
1.10 PATERNAL HAPLOIDS - ANDROGENESIS
1.11 IDENTIFICATION OF (DOUBLED) HAPLOIDS
1.12 DOUBLED HAPLOID
1.13 APPLICATIONS OF DOUBLED HAPLOIDS
1.14 DOUBLED HAPLOID AND MOLECULAR GENETIC
1.15 STUDY OBJECTIVES
CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 PLANT MATERIALS
2.1.1 Gossypium herbaceum
2.1.2 Gossypium arboreum
2.1.3 Gossypium raimondii
2.2 SEED PREPARATION AND TREATMENT
2.3 PREPARATION OF COLCHICINE AND DILUTION METHOD
2.4 SEED TREATMENT TECHNIQUE
2.5 SEEDLING TREATMENT
2.5.1 Hydroponic set up
2.5.2 Hoagland nutrient solution
2.6 TISSUE CULTURE TREATMENT
2.7 CHROMOSOME COUNTING
2.8 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
CHAPTER 3 RESULT
3.1 SEED TREATMENT
3.2 TISSUE CULTURE TREATMENT
3.3 SEEDLING TREATMENT
3.4 CHROMOSOME COUNTING
CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CURRICULUM VITAE
【参考文献】:
期刊论文
[1]小麦─天蓝偃麦草二属杂种花药培养基的建立和应用[J]. 贾旭,庄家骏,胡适全,俞春江,聂道泰. 中国农业科学. 1994(04)
本文编号:3613699
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