梁启超比较逻辑思想探赜
发布时间：2018-12-07 16:36
【摘要】：墨家是先秦重要的学派之一,墨家著作的总集通称为《墨子》。这篇著作蕴藏着丰富的逻辑思想。深入开掘这些思想对丰富和更深入全面地理解逻辑学有重要的意义。梁启超是现代中国著名学者,其学术研究涉猎甚广,在哲学、政治学、史学等方面均有突出贡献,他还是中国现代最早对墨家逻辑学说进行系统探究的学者之一。梁启超研究墨家逻辑思想的主要工作路线是,用西方逻辑学和印度因明的基本概念和理论阐发和诠释墨家逻辑学说的主要内容,并在此基础上对这三种古老的逻辑学说进行参照、比较和印证。因此,研究梁启超的比较逻辑思想不仅具有重要的理论意义,而且对弘扬中国传统文化也有重要的现实意义。 梁启超研究墨家逻辑学说有丰富的社会政治、文化和个人的学术修养和兴趣等背景。西学的传入和他对中国传统文化特别是对墨家学说的修为,使得他可以将这两者结合起来进行研究,结合点就是对西方逻辑和墨家的逻辑学说进行比较研究。论文重点考察了梁启超关于墨家逻辑学说、印度因明和西方亚里士多德逻辑三者之间的共通之处和差异的观点。在此基础上,对梁启超的比较逻辑思想的成就与不足进行了简要的评论。梁启超开辟了中国逻辑史的比较研究这一方向,其比较研究方法影响了同时代及后来的一大批墨学研究者。但其研究在文化深度和系统性上稍显欠缺。通过对梁启超比较逻辑研究的成就与不足的考察,力图得出一些对中国逻辑史研究富有启发性的建议。 全文共分四个部分： 第一章,对梁启超比较思想的源起进行概述。在国势衰弱的时代历史背景和西学东渐的学术思潮背景之下,得惠于孙诒让的启发,为促进民族之觉醒,增强民族之信心,发掘墨学救亡图存之功效,梁启超对《墨子》中蕴藏的逻辑思想进行了比较研究。这些考察表明梁启超比较逻辑思想的产生有其深刻的社会政治、文化和学术动因。 第二章,对梁启超的比较逻辑思想和其关于墨家逻辑主要内容的阐释进行探析。主要从以下四个方面进行阐述：(1)梁启超比较逻辑的研究方法。梁启超发比较之先声对三大逻辑进行比较的主要方法是求同法,求异法,同异兼得法；(2)对墨家逻辑、印度因明与亚里士多德逻辑的名称、推理形式、思维规律的比较分析,表明三者是汇通的；(3)从墨家逻辑、印度因明与亚里士多德逻辑的目的、推理形式、历史命运等方面分析三者的差异；(4)梁启超关于墨家逻辑的基本概念、主要推理形式和归纳认识方法等方面的主要观点。 第三章,对梁启超的比较逻辑思想进行评价。梁启超对《墨经》逻辑思想的比较研究建构了中国文化史上第一个较为系统的墨辩逻辑体系,为推动和完善墨学研究作出了贡献,同时对促进中西文化交流和西方逻辑的传播和发扬有积极的作用。但受到历史时代和逻辑视野等客观条件的限制,梁启超比较逻辑研究在文化深度和两种逻辑比较的广度等方面稍有不足。 结语探讨了梁启超之比较逻辑研究对中国逻辑史研究的启迪。比较的研究方法是深入开展中国逻辑史研究的重要方法,中国逻辑史的研究必须坚持比较方法和历史分析方法相结合的方法论原则。而进行比较首先要懂得训诂的方法,要能准确把握各种逻辑思想的源流,要正确处理个性与共性、历时与共时的关系等等。另外,比较逻辑不是独立的逻辑学科,而只是研究逻辑史的一种方法论模式。因此,应该正确认识比较逻辑研究中的价值评估及其标准。
[Abstract]:Mo's family is one of the important schools in the pre-Qin period, and the general set of Mo's works is generally referred to as" ink ". This work contains rich logic thought. The in-depth study of these thoughts is of great significance to the rich and in-depth and comprehensive understanding of logic. Liang Qichao is a famous scholar in modern China. Its academic research has a wide range of academic research, and has made outstanding contributions in philosophy, politics and history. The main work course of Liang Qichao's study of the logic thought of Mojiujia is to use the basic concepts and theories of western logic and India to explain and interpret the main contents of Mojiism's logic theory, and to make reference, comparison and verification to the three ancient logic theories. Therefore, the study of Liang Qichao's comparative logic thought not only has important theoretical significance, but also has important practical significance to carry forward the traditional Chinese culture. Liang Qichao's study of Mo's logic states that there are rich social and political, cultural and individual academic cultivation and interest. The introduction of siology and his study of the Chinese traditional culture, in particular the theory of Mojiism, make it possible for him to combine the two, which is to make a comparative study of the logic of the western logic and the ink family. The paper focuses on the view of Liang Qichao's view on the logic of Mo, and the common position and difference between Indian and Western Aristotle's logic. On this basis, the achievement and deficiency of Liang Qichao's comparative logic thought are briefly evaluated. On the other hand, Liang Qichao opened up a comparative study on the history of Chinese logic, and the comparative study method has influenced the study of a large number of ink studies in the same era and later. The study is slightly underwritten in terms of cultural depth and systematicness. By comparing the achievements and shortcomings of the study of Liang Qichao's comparative logic, this paper tries to draw some enlightening construction for the study of the logic history of China The full text of which is divided into four Part 1: The source of Liang Qichao's comparative thought From the background of the era of the state of the state and the background of the academic thought of the East of the West, it should be inspired by the Sun, in order to promote the awakening of the nation, to enhance the confidence of the nation, to explore the efficacy of the saving of the exiles of the ink, and to carry out the logic thought contained in the" Mozi ". A comparative study is made. These results show that Liang Qichao's comparative logic thought has its profound social and political, and culture. The second chapter, the comparative logic thought of Liang Qichao and its main content on Moist's logic The interpretation of (1) Liang Qichao is compared with the following four aspects: (1) Liang Qichao's comparison The method of logic study. The main method of comparing the first-to-three logic of Liang Qichao's comparison is to seek the same method, the method of seeking the difference and the method of the same, and (2) to compare the logic of the ink, the name of the logic of the Indian and the Aristotle's logic, the way of reasoning, the comparative analysis of the law of thought, and the table. (4) Liang Qichao's basic concept, main reasoning form and induction and recognition method, etc. The main point of view of the aspect. In chapter 3, the ratio of Liang Qichao to Liang Qichao The comparison between Liang Qichao and the logic thought of Liang Qichao constructed the first more systematic ink-defense logic system in the history of Chinese culture, and made a contribution to the promotion and improvement of the study of ink science, and also promoted the communication between the Chinese and the West and the dissemination of western logic. The study of Liang Qichao's comparative logic is based on the comparison of the cultural depth and the two kinds of logic. The comparison logic of Liang Qichao is discussed in the paper. The enlightenment of the study of Chinese logic history is an important method to carry out the research on the logic history of China. The study of Chinese logic history must adhere to the comparative method and the historical analysis. The methodological principle of the combination of the method is the first to understand the method of the training, to correctly grasp the origin of the various logic thoughts, and to deal with the personality and the general character correctly. In addition, the comparative logic is not an independent logical subject, but only a study The logical history is a kind of methodology mode. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly understand the comparative logic research.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：B81
本文编号：2367472
[Abstract]:Mo's family is one of the important schools in the pre-Qin period, and the general set of Mo's works is generally referred to as" ink ". This work contains rich logic thought. The in-depth study of these thoughts is of great significance to the rich and in-depth and comprehensive understanding of logic. Liang Qichao is a famous scholar in modern China. Its academic research has a wide range of academic research, and has made outstanding contributions in philosophy, politics and history. The main work course of Liang Qichao's study of the logic thought of Mojiujia is to use the basic concepts and theories of western logic and India to explain and interpret the main contents of Mojiism's logic theory, and to make reference, comparison and verification to the three ancient logic theories. Therefore, the study of Liang Qichao's comparative logic thought not only has important theoretical significance, but also has important practical significance to carry forward the traditional Chinese culture. Liang Qichao's study of Mo's logic states that there are rich social and political, cultural and individual academic cultivation and interest. The introduction of siology and his study of the Chinese traditional culture, in particular the theory of Mojiism, make it possible for him to combine the two, which is to make a comparative study of the logic of the western logic and the ink family. The paper focuses on the view of Liang Qichao's view on the logic of Mo, and the common position and difference between Indian and Western Aristotle's logic. On this basis, the achievement and deficiency of Liang Qichao's comparative logic thought are briefly evaluated. On the other hand, Liang Qichao opened up a comparative study on the history of Chinese logic, and the comparative study method has influenced the study of a large number of ink studies in the same era and later. The study is slightly underwritten in terms of cultural depth and systematicness. By comparing the achievements and shortcomings of the study of Liang Qichao's comparative logic, this paper tries to draw some enlightening construction for the study of the logic history of China The full text of which is divided into four Part 1: The source of Liang Qichao's comparative thought From the background of the era of the state of the state and the background of the academic thought of the East of the West, it should be inspired by the Sun, in order to promote the awakening of the nation, to enhance the confidence of the nation, to explore the efficacy of the saving of the exiles of the ink, and to carry out the logic thought contained in the" Mozi ". A comparative study is made. These results show that Liang Qichao's comparative logic thought has its profound social and political, and culture. The second chapter, the comparative logic thought of Liang Qichao and its main content on Moist's logic The interpretation of (1) Liang Qichao is compared with the following four aspects: (1) Liang Qichao's comparison The method of logic study. The main method of comparing the first-to-three logic of Liang Qichao's comparison is to seek the same method, the method of seeking the difference and the method of the same, and (2) to compare the logic of the ink, the name of the logic of the Indian and the Aristotle's logic, the way of reasoning, the comparative analysis of the law of thought, and the table. (4) Liang Qichao's basic concept, main reasoning form and induction and recognition method, etc. The main point of view of the aspect. In chapter 3, the ratio of Liang Qichao to Liang Qichao The comparison between Liang Qichao and the logic thought of Liang Qichao constructed the first more systematic ink-defense logic system in the history of Chinese culture, and made a contribution to the promotion and improvement of the study of ink science, and also promoted the communication between the Chinese and the West and the dissemination of western logic. The study of Liang Qichao's comparative logic is based on the comparison of the cultural depth and the two kinds of logic. The comparison logic of Liang Qichao is discussed in the paper. The enlightenment of the study of Chinese logic history is an important method to carry out the research on the logic history of China. The study of Chinese logic history must adhere to the comparative method and the historical analysis. The methodological principle of the combination of the method is the first to understand the method of the training, to correctly grasp the origin of the various logic thoughts, and to deal with the personality and the general character correctly. In addition, the comparative logic is not an independent logical subject, but only a study The logical history is a kind of methodology mode. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly understand the comparative logic research.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：B81
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 彭汶;试论梁启超对墨家逻辑、印度因明和西方逻辑的对比研究[J];青海社会科学;1987年02期
，本文编号：2367472
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