形式蕴涵思想探究
发布时间：2019-01-03 13:51
【摘要】：本文致力于探究形式蕴涵(formalimplication)这一概念在西方逻辑史上的思想脉络及其在逻辑哲学上的解题效用,力图在史论两方面提出学术新见。前者属于逻辑思想史的研究,主要集中讨论了第奥多鲁、罗素及皮尔士三位逻辑学家关于形式蕴涵的思想,得到如下结论:(1)尽管第奥多鲁的蕴涵理论的初始诉求是出于条件句语义中的模态考虑,但他关于命题和模态的独特看法使他的蕴涵理论实际上成为一种以时刻为论域的"特殊形式蕴涵"。(2)作为"形式蕴涵"这一概念的提出者,罗素本人一开始在《数学的原则》中的认识是不够成熟的,在掌握了弗雷格的逻辑量词理论、严格区分了命题与命题函数之后,罗素明确阐述了形式蕴涵的完整内涵。本文基于上述考察得出的结论是:形式蕴涵是在共享个体变元的命题函数间成立的一种表达普遍性的关系;这种关系确保对个体变元的每一次个体常元代入都表达一个"实质蕴涵"关系。(3)皮尔士通过逻辑代数和存在图表的工作独立创立了现代逻辑量化理论,从而也清楚揭示了形式蕴涵思想的内涵。但与罗素不同,他还青睐于第奥多鲁蕴涵对于模态的考虑,试图将量化的范围扩展到可能性的范围。本文最后借助一般形式蕴涵及特殊形式蕴涵的概念考察了实质蕴涵怪论和约束量词理论,凸显了 "特殊形式蕴涵"概念的独特意义。这属于形式蕴涵思想的应用研究,其主要结论是:(1)从形式蕴涵的角度来看实质蕴涵怪论,可以产生一条独特的反例化解路径,从量化的角度剖析日常语言背后的深层逻辑结构,会发现有的条件句前后件并不一定表达命题而是表达命题函数,从而在逻辑结构上是对某一受限个体域进行量化的特殊形式蕴涵。(2)"约束量词理论"认为每一次量词的出现都应该被论域的范围限制,这就可能使得条件句中的前后件被不同的"约束量词"所约束。但从形式蕴涵的角度来看,这样的条件句仍然可以还原为被逻辑量词约束的一般形式蕴涵,所以实际上是另外一种"特殊形式蕴涵"(不同于从整体上进行变域转换的第奥多鲁式"特殊形式蕴涵")。
[Abstract]:This paper is devoted to exploring the ideological context of the concept of "(formalimplication)" in the history of western logic and its utility in solving problems in logical philosophy, and tries to put forward new academic ideas in the two aspects of historical theory. The former belongs to the study of the history of logical thought. It focuses on the thought of formal implication by three logicians: Theodoru, Russell and Peirce. The following conclusions are obtained: (1) although the initial claim of Odom's implication theory is due to modal considerations in the semantics of conditional sentences, But his unique view on propositions and modes makes his theory of implication actually become a kind of "special form implication" with the domain of time. (2) as the proponent of the concept of "formal implication", Russell himself was not mature enough in the principle of Mathematics at the beginning. After mastering Frege's logical quantifier theory and strictly distinguishing proposition from propositional function, Russell clearly expounded the complete connotation of formal implication. The conclusion of this paper is as follows: formal implication is a universal relation between proposition functions of shared individual variables; This relationship ensures the expression of a "substantial implication" relationship for each individual constant substitution of an individual variable. (3) Pearce independently created the modern logic quantification theory through the work of logical algebra and existential charts. Thus it also clearly reveals the connotation of the thought of form implication. But unlike Russell, he also prefers to consider the modes of Odom, trying to extend the range of quantification to the range of possibilities. In the last part of this paper, the concept of "special form implication" and "special form implication" are studied with the help of the concepts of "general form implication" and "special form implication", which show the unique significance of the concept of "special form implication". The main conclusions are as follows: (1) from the point of view of formal implication, the theory of substantive implicature can produce a unique counterexample solution path. By analyzing the deep logic structure behind the daily language from the angle of quantification, we can find that some conditional sentences do not necessarily express propositions but express propositional functions. Therefore, the logical structure is a special form implication of quantifying a restricted individual domain. (2) the theory of restricted quantifiers holds that the appearance of every quantifier should be limited by the scope of the domain. This may lead to the conditional sentence before and after the different "constraint quantifiers" constraints. However, from the perspective of formal implication, such conditional sentences can still be reduced to general formal implication constrained by logical quantifiers. So it is actually another kind of "special form implication" (different from the Odoru type "special form implication", which is different from the whole variable domain transformation).
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B812
本文编号：2399465
[Abstract]:This paper is devoted to exploring the ideological context of the concept of "(formalimplication)" in the history of western logic and its utility in solving problems in logical philosophy, and tries to put forward new academic ideas in the two aspects of historical theory. The former belongs to the study of the history of logical thought. It focuses on the thought of formal implication by three logicians: Theodoru, Russell and Peirce. The following conclusions are obtained: (1) although the initial claim of Odom's implication theory is due to modal considerations in the semantics of conditional sentences, But his unique view on propositions and modes makes his theory of implication actually become a kind of "special form implication" with the domain of time. (2) as the proponent of the concept of "formal implication", Russell himself was not mature enough in the principle of Mathematics at the beginning. After mastering Frege's logical quantifier theory and strictly distinguishing proposition from propositional function, Russell clearly expounded the complete connotation of formal implication. The conclusion of this paper is as follows: formal implication is a universal relation between proposition functions of shared individual variables; This relationship ensures the expression of a "substantial implication" relationship for each individual constant substitution of an individual variable. (3) Pearce independently created the modern logic quantification theory through the work of logical algebra and existential charts. Thus it also clearly reveals the connotation of the thought of form implication. But unlike Russell, he also prefers to consider the modes of Odom, trying to extend the range of quantification to the range of possibilities. In the last part of this paper, the concept of "special form implication" and "special form implication" are studied with the help of the concepts of "general form implication" and "special form implication", which show the unique significance of the concept of "special form implication". The main conclusions are as follows: (1) from the point of view of formal implication, the theory of substantive implicature can produce a unique counterexample solution path. By analyzing the deep logic structure behind the daily language from the angle of quantification, we can find that some conditional sentences do not necessarily express propositions but express propositional functions. Therefore, the logical structure is a special form implication of quantifying a restricted individual domain. (2) the theory of restricted quantifiers holds that the appearance of every quantifier should be limited by the scope of the domain. This may lead to the conditional sentence before and after the different "constraint quantifiers" constraints. However, from the perspective of formal implication, such conditional sentences can still be reduced to general formal implication constrained by logical quantifiers. So it is actually another kind of "special form implication" (different from the Odoru type "special form implication", which is different from the whole variable domain transformation).
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B812
【相似文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 张顺;形式蕴涵思想探究[D];南京大学;2017年
，本文编号：2399465
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/ljx/2399465.html
