常规推理与“格赖斯循环”的消解

发布时间：2019-08-14 07:14

【摘要】：“格赖斯循环”的症结在于“明说的”与“隐含的”区分得太绝对。含意本体论认为,含意性是话语的基本特征,话语“明说的”显性表述通常都不完备,有待它所蕴含的隐性表述加以补足或阐释;补足或阐释依赖的是常规关系和常规推理。从比较抽象的层次来说,常规关系可表现为两事物间的两种基本关系:[相邻关系±]和[相似关系±]。话语提到的有相邻/相似关系的事物分别倾向于被识解为一个整体,一关系体的存在总是内在地蕴含着另一关系体的存在,从而有可能将不完备的表述连成一个可以连通、解释和预测的网络。根据这样的原理可以建立起含意的常规推理模型。这样来看待话语和含意,格赖斯的推导循环就可被消解。从常规推理角度研究“格赖斯循环”的消解,有可能对语言运用是如何达成理解这一问题获得更多认识。
[Abstract]:The crux of the Grice cycle is that there is an absolute distinction between "explicit" and "implied". Implicative ontology holds that implicature is the basic feature of discourse, and the explicit expression of discourse is usually incomplete, which needs to be supplemented or explained by the implicit expression it contains, and the complement or interpretation depends on conventional relations and conventional reasoning. From a more abstract level, the conventional relationship can be expressed as two basic relations between two things: [adjacent relationship 卤] and [similar relation 卤]. The things mentioned in discourse with adjacent / similar relations tend to be recognized as a whole, and the existence of one relational body always contains the existence of another relational body, so it is possible to connect incomplete expressions into a network that can be connected, explained and predicted. According to this principle, a conventional reasoning model with implication can be established. If we look at discourse and meaning in this way, Grice's derivation cycle can be dispelled. By studying the resolution of Grice cycle from the point of view of conventional reasoning, it is possible to gain more understanding of how to achieve understanding of language use.
【作者单位】：
【分类号】：B812.3

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