我国国家治理体系的发展进程及阶段性特点研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 03:10

本文关键词：我国国家治理体系的发展进程及阶段性特点研究　出处：《上海社会科学院》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》提出： “完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。”并同时将这两句话统一成为一个整体性质的概念,作为全面深化改革的总目标。而纵观现代国家的历史变迁路径,生产力的不断发展、民主制度的不断推进,代表着国家现代化日新月异的发展历程。对于社会主义制度下的新中国而言,完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,不仅是《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》提出的新时期新目标和新要求,更是推进全面现代化、实现中华民族伟大复兴的必由之路,因而具有重大而深远的意义。国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,是中国特色社会主义的现代化国家条件下的一个全新维度。同时,历史和实践证明,对于社会主义新中国而言,有且仅有中国共产党能够领导中国特色社会主义制度的建设,并使之充分展现着巨大的历史优越性。因此,从我国国家治理体系的变迁发展出发,结合新中国成立以来的社会主义现代化进程,可分别由新中国成立、改革开放的伟大转折、全面深化改革的提出,作为我国国家治理体系发展进程的时间节点。并结合两次三中全会：十一届三中全会后以经济建设为中心的社会主义建设新时期；十八届三中全会后以实现中华民族伟大复兴的全面深化改革时期。可以说,自新中国的诞生以来,“中国特色”的国家治理体系的发展,就已开始了他的阶段性变迁之路。这种变迁势必将引领着新中国以来现代化发展的全新进程。另一方面,中国国家治理体系发展历程所经历的飞速变迁,如同一把双刃剑,延伸而出的,是此消彼长的尖锐矛盾与社会问题。经历了由“民主与运动”到“民主与法治”的阶段性动荡与变迁,逐步明确了我国国家治理体系发展进程中的三大构成要素：党的领导、人民当家做主、依法治国。这三者作为三个构成要素,一同经历了中国国家治理体系发展的三个主要历史阶段,直到十八届三中全会提出全面深化改革开放的目标,习近平在十八届三中全会将全面深化改革总目标设定为“推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化”。可以说,这是“工业现代化、农业现代化、国防现代化、科学技术现代化”后的“第五个现代化”。这一现代化不仅是国家治理体系、国家治理能力的现代化,也是执政党的现代化、是人民群众的现代化、是法制建设的现代化。不仅同国家治理体系的三大构成要素相呼应,更是将这三大要素紧密结合,作为“第五个现代化”,担当了中国社会主义现代化建设的重要里程碑。“第五个现代化”的实现愿景,需要抛去过去历史阶段的成果与辉煌、也需要深刻反思社会主义现代化建设中的弯路与错误,使中国共产党真正地成为一个成熟的、现代化的执政党、使人民群众真正能够参与到国家治理、国家现代化的建设中去,同时是中国共产党能够依法建党、人民政府依法执政、真正的实现人民当家做主与依法治国,中国国家治理体系的真正完善,将在“第五个现代化”的落实过程中得以实现。
[Abstract]:The decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on several major issues of deepening the reform comprehensively put forward: "improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity." At the same time, the two sentences are unified as a concept of a whole nature, which is the general goal of deepening the reform in an all-round way. And throughout the history of modern countries, the continuous development of productive forces and the continuous development of democracy represent the development of modernization. For the purposes of the socialist system under the new Chinese, improvement and development of Chinese socialist system, promote national governance systems and governance capacity modernization, not only is the "new targets and new requirements of the new period" of the CPC Central Committee on deepening reform of the overall number of major issues raised, it is the only way which must be passed to promote the comprehensive modernization and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation therefore, is of great significance. The modernization of the system of state governance and the ability to govern is a new dimension under the conditions of the modern country with Chinese characteristic socialism. At the same time, history and practice have proved that for the new socialist China, there are and only the Chinese Communist Party can lead the construction of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and fully display the great historical superiority. Therefore, starting from the change of the development of China's national governance system, combined with the establishment of the new Chinese since the process of socialist modernization, respectively by the new China establishment, reform and opening up a great turning point, comprehensively deepen reforms put forward, as the time node of the national governance system development process. Combined with the two third Plenary Session: after the third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, the new era of socialist construction centered on economic construction, and after the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, we will achieve a comprehensive deepening reform period of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. It can be said that since the birth of the new China, the development of the "Chinese characteristics" of the national governance system has begun his stage of transition. This trend of change will certainly lead to a new process of modernization since the new China. On the other hand, the rapid development of China's national governance system has undergone a rapid transformation, which is like a double-edged sword, which extends the sharp contradictions and social problems. Experienced the stage turbulence and change from "democracy and movement" to "democracy and rule of law", and gradually clarified the three elements of the development of our national governance system: the leadership of the party, the rule of the people and rule by law. The three as the three elements together, has experienced three main stages of development Chinese national governance system, until the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed comprehensive deepening of reform and opening up the goal, Xi Jinping in the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee will deepen the reform of the overall goal setting to promote national governance systems and governance capacity modernization". It can be said that this is "the fifth modernizations" after the "industrial modernization, the modernization of agriculture, the modernization of national defense, the modernization of science and technology". This modernization is not only the modernization of the national governance system and national governance capacity, but also the modernization of the ruling party, the modernization of the masses and the modernization of the legal system. It not only echoes the three elements of the national governance system, but also closely combines the three elements, as the "fifth modernizations", which is an important milestone in the construction of China's socialist modernization. The realization of the vision of the fifth modernizations ", need to throw the achievements and glory, past history stage also need to detour and wrong reflection in the construction of socialist modernization, the Communist Party of Chinese really become a mature, modern ruling party, so that the people can really participate in the construction of national governance, the modernization of the country at the same time, the Communist Party to party is China according to law and the people's Government of the ruling according to law, realize people are the masters and the rule of law, Chinese national governance system perfect, will be achieved in the implementation process of the fifth modernization" in.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D630

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