浅论社会主义新农村下的农村基层民主政治建设

发布时间：2018-02-25 23:12

本文关键词： 社会主义新农村基层民主政治村民自治　出处：《成都理工大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 党的十六届五中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划的建议》中提出建设社会主义新农村,它是一个全新的战略目标。它要求党和国家从全面建设小康社会的全局出发,继续把解决“三农”问题作为全党工作的重点,建设社会主义新农村。社会主义新农村建设是一项长期的战略任务,其中基层民主政治建设是新农村建设的关键性环节,基层民主政治建设是社会主义新农村的重要保障。在社会主义新农村背景下研究基层民主政治建设具有重大的意义。改革开放30多年来,中国共产党始终高度重视基层民主政治建设。党的十五大提出要扩大基层民主,保证广大人民群众直接行使民主权利。党的十七大报告首次将基层民主制度与人民代表大会、多党合作和政治协商制度、民主区域自治制度并列在一起,作为保障广大人民群众享有更多的民主权利以及社会主义政治建设的一项重大任务。我国幅员辽阔、人口众多、社会管理层次比较多,人民群众生活的重心主要在基层,基层公共事业的发展和管理涉及人民群众的切身利益,基层民主与人民群众的合法权益密切相关。发展基层民主、完善基层群众自治制度是人民当家作主最有效的途径。而基层民主政治建设包括农村基层民主政治建设和城镇基层民主政治建设,其中农村人口占绝大多数,农村基层的稳定与发展关系到整个中国的稳定与发展,因此加强基层民主政治建设的关键在农村基层民主政治的建设。农村基层民主政治建设,是指党领导广大人民群众在各个领域直接行使民主权利的制度建设和实践活动,是在国家法律规定的范围内,广大人民群众充分享有的民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督的权利,依法进行自我管理、自我教育、自我服务,促进农村经济社会全面发展的一种制度。我国农村基层民主政治建设最伟大的实践是村民自治。村民自治是我国农村基层民主政治建设的核心内容,同时也是社会主义民主政治的重要内容。总的来说包含四个方面的内容,民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督。本文从四个部分去探讨社会主义新农村下的农村基层民主政治建设。第一部分是对我国农村基层民主政治进行学理分析。主要从三个方面去分析,一是农村基层民主政治建设的科学概念。它的科学概念主要包括基本内涵和主要外延两个方面。二是农村基层民主政治建设在建设社会主义新农村中的地位。它是建设社会主义新农村的重要保障,是保证建设和谐农村的现实需要,是社会主义民主政治建设的重要基础。三是农村基层民主政治建设在建设社会主义新农村中的意义。它有利于调动广大农民的积极性,有利于农村社会的稳定,有利于为农村社会提供科学的决策机制。第二部分主要探讨目前我国农村基层民主政治建设取得的主要成就,并总结其基本经验。农村基层民主政治建设一直受到党和高层领导的关注和重视,农村基层民主政治建设的法律制度逐步完善,农村基层民主政治建设的形式不断丰富。根据取得的主要成就,我们总结其基本经验。当前我国农村基层民主政治建设更加尊重人民群众的意志,坚持党对农村基层民主政治建设的领导,坚持依法治国使农村基层民主政治建设在法治的轨道上有效运行。第三部分主要从民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督四方面去分析我国农村基层民主政治建设存在的问题,并从经济、政治、文化、社会四个方面去分析原因,并寻找问题的根源。民主选举方面,宗族势力、贿选影响农村基层民主政治建设的现象越来越突出,选举方面的制度不完善等;民主决策方面,民主决策程序不科学,两委关系,乡村关系不协调;民主管理方面,农民民主意识比较淡薄,农民的民主参与意识欠通畅,农村基层干部的素质不适应基层民主管理的要求;民主监督方面,缺乏有效的监督机制,村务公开存在一定的问题,农民民主监督意识缺乏等。根据这些存在的问题来探讨深层次的原因,主要是经济方面,经济基础比较薄弱;政治方面,政治体制不够完善,缺乏相应的法律保障机制;文化方面,传统的封建思想和文化素质相对较低;社会方面,农村社会环境有待改善。第四部分为了进一步加强和完善我国农村基层民主政治建设从经济、政治、文化、社会四个方面提出几点自己的建议。经济建设是基础环节,从根本上说,经济是基础,我们要不断的解放和发展生产力,任何时候都必须紧紧围绕这个中心,只有经济发展上去了,农民才能更多的关注政治的发展。政治建设是保障,要不断完善跟民主政治建设相关的法律制度,完善相应的监督机制,加强党的领导,提高基层干部的素质。文化建设是内在动力,大力发展农村教育,强国必先强教,教育在民主政治建设中起着至关重要的作用,受教育的程度决定着人们分析问题,解决问题的能力,民主意识跟教育也有一定的关系。社会建设是外在环境,我们要抓住社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮,净化农村社会环境。
[Abstract]:The party's the fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee passed "the CPC Central Committee proposed to build a new socialist countryside development eleventh five year plan for national economic and social development proposals", it is a new strategic target. It requires the party and the State Council starting from the comprehensive construction of a well-off society, to solve the "three rural issues" as the focus the work of the whole party, the construction of new socialist countryside. The construction of new socialist countryside is a long-term strategic task, the basic level democratic political construction is a key link in the construction of new countryside, grass-roots democracy construction is an important guarantee of the socialist new countryside. In the background of the new socialist rural areas of grassroots democratic political construction is of great significance.
30 years of reform and opening up, the Communist Party has always attached great importance to Chinese grass-roots democracy. The 15th Party Congress proposed to expand democracy at the grassroots level, to ensure that the people directly exercise their democratic rights. The report of the Seventeenth Party Congress for the first time the grassroots democracy and the people's Congress, multi party cooperation and political consultation system, the democratic system of regional autonomy together as to ensure the people to enjoy more democratic rights and socialist political construction is an important task. China has a vast territory, large population, more social management level, people's life mainly focus on the grassroots level, the development and management of local public utilities involving the vital interests of the masses, and the masses of grassroots democracy the legitimate rights and interests are closely related to the development of grassroots democracy, improve the system of grassroots self-government is the most effective way to people in power. The grassroots democratic political construction including the rural grassroots democratic political construction and the urban grassroots democratic political construction, the rural population accounts for the vast majority, stability and development of rural grassroots is related to the stability and development of the whole Chinese, so the key to strengthening the building of grassroots democracy in rural grassroots democratic political construction.
The construction of rural grass-roots democracy, refers to the Party leadership of the masses in various fields directly exercise their democratic rights system construction and practice in national law, democratic elections, the broad masses of the people fully enjoy the democratic decision-making, democratic management, democratic supervision rights, self management, self education according to law. Self service, to promote a system of rural economic and social development. The practice of China's rural grassroots democracy construction in the greatest is the villagers' autonomy. Villagers' autonomy is the core content of the construction of rural grass-roots democracy in China, and is also an important content of the socialist democratic politics. In general contains four aspects of democratic elections., democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision.
This paper discusses the construction of democratic politics in the rural grass-roots level under the new socialist countryside from four parts.
The first part is the theoretical analysis of China's rural grass-roots democracy. Mainly from three aspects to analysis, one is the construction of the rural grass-roots democracy scientific concept. Its scientific concept mainly includes two aspects: the basic connotation and main extension. Two rural grass-roots democratic political construction in the construction of new socialist countryside status it is an important guarantee for building a new socialist countryside, is the guarantee of the construction of harmonious rural reality, is an important foundation for the construction of socialist democratic politics. The three is the construction of rural grass-roots democracy in building a new socialist rural village. It is helpful to arouse the enthusiasm of farmers, rural areas is conducive to social stability, conducive to to provide scientific decision-making mechanism for the rural society.
The second part mainly discusses the main achievements of the construction of rural grass-roots democracy in China, and sums up the basic experience of the construction of rural grass-roots democracy has been the party and senior leadership attention, the legal system of the rural grass-roots democracy gradually perfect, the construction of the rural grass-roots democracy constantly enrich the forms according to the achievements., we sum up the basic experience. The current China's rural grassroots democracy construction more respect for the will of the people, adhere to the leadership of the party in the construction of the rural grass-roots democracy, uphold the rule of law to the construction of rural grass-roots democracy in the effective operation of the orbit of the rule of law.
The third part mainly from the democratic election, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision in four aspects to analyze the existence of rural grassroots democracy in China, and from the economic, political, cultural, analysis of four aspects of society, and find the root problem. The democratic election, the clan forces, bribery and construction the rural grass-roots democracy phenomenon more prominent, the electoral system is not perfect; the democratic decision-making, democratic decision-making procedure is not scientific, relationship between the two committees, uncoordinated rural relations; democratic management, farmers democratic awareness is relatively weak, farmers' awareness of the democratic participation is not smooth, the quality of the rural grassroots cadres to grass-roots democracy management requirements; democratic supervision, the lack of effective supervision of village affairs, there are some problems, lack of awareness of democratic supervision. According to these problems, to explore the deep The reasons for this are mainly the economic aspect, the economic foundation is relatively weak, the political system is not perfect enough, and there is no corresponding legal guarantee mechanism. In terms of culture, the traditional feudal ideology and cultural quality is relatively low, and the rural social environment needs to be improved in the social aspect.
The fourth part in order to further strengthen and improve China's rural grassroots democracy construction from economy, politics, culture, put forward some suggestions in four aspects. Social economic construction is the basic link, fundamentally speaking, the economy is the foundation, we must constantly emancipate and develop the productive forces, must focus on the center only the development of the economy, up, farmers can pay more attention to the development of politics. Political construction is the guarantee, we must constantly improve with the democratic political construction of the relevant legal system, improve the supervision mechanism, strengthen the leadership of the party, improve the quality of cadres at the grassroots level. Cultural construction is the inherent driving force, vigorously develop the rural education, power will be strong teach, education plays a vital role in the construction of democratic politics, the level of education determines the people to analyze problems, problem-solving skills, and education also have democratic consciousness A certain relationship. Social construction is an external environment. We should seize the socialist core value system to lead the social trend of thought and purify the rural social environment.

【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D422.6

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