人本视域中的我国法治政府建设研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 07:17

本文关键词： 人本理念法治政府人性化权力道德　出处：《东华大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：法治政府不是一项简单的行动,而是一项复杂的工程。目前我国在法治政府的人本问题上仍旧存在着较多观念上的误区和制度上的缺陷：立法价值偏差、政府服务能力欠缺、行政执法非人性化的问题仍旧存在；有法不依、执法不严、违法不究的现象还时有发生；对政府行政权力的监督和制约还不够完善；行政人员法制观念淡薄、人本意识不强的问题还比较突出。因而,法治政府与人本理念的联姻势在必行。究竟人本理念的涵义是什么?如何厘清法治政府与人本理念的关系?如何在法治政府进程中落实以人为本的理念?本文试图对上述问题进行研究。全文主要分为五个部分。第一部分,主要分析了研究的背景、意义。阐述了国内、国外法治政府的研究现状、方向和实践。介绍了国外人本理念伴随法治政府进程的历史演变、发展脉络以及各个阶段代表人物的主要观点。分析和整理了近代法治中人本理念的研究现状和主要成果。第二部分,阐释了西方人本主义思想的溯源及演变,也探讨了中国人本理念的发展脉络,并从本文自身的角度解释了人本理念的内涵：以人为核心,重视人、关心人,充分调动人的主动性、积极性和创造性,以及全力促进人的全面自由发展为目标的,简而言之就是一切为了人。并且从理论和现实两个角度分析了法治政府坚持人本理念的必要性和可行性,表达了人本理念是法治政府的精神底蕴。第三部分,主要从人本视角透析我国法治政府建设的现状。改革开放三十年以来,我国在法治政府构建中积极贯彻人本理念。无论是法制层面的基本法治框架的构建,还是政府层面人本理念的实践都为人本法治政府构建奠定了基础。然而传统的统治阶级意志论仍然占据上风、法律工具主义功利主义和实用主义思想仍旧存在,野蛮执法、违法执法、以权压法等现象仍旧比较突出。因而,本部分分别从立法价值取向、服务能力、政府透明性、行政执法人性化、公民意识五个方面探讨了法治政府进程中人本理念缺失的表现,并且分析了背后的原因。第四部分,开启了一个简明的视窗,笔者试图通过分析新加坡特色法治政府为我国的法治政府建设找到可借鉴的经验和启示。从法律至上、权力制约与自律、人权保障、严格执法四个方面主要分析了新加坡法治模式的特点,并归纳了新加波法治政府人本精神的实践。最后通过新加坡国情与我国国情的比较分析,探求新加坡法治政府模式对于我国的启示和借鉴。第五部分,主要从平衡性、服务性、透明性、人性化和道德性五个角度去打造人本法治政府的基本框架,这五个特性既是人本法治政府的外在表现,也是人本法治政府的内在要求。在前行的道路中他们之间相互渗透、相互融合、相互促进。在基本框架的基础上结合我国的实际情况、借鉴新加坡的经验提出了建设我国法治政府的人本途径。最后的结论部分对本文中提出的观点进行简要梳理和总结。
[Abstract]:Is not a simple act of government under the rule of law, but a complex project. At present our country government by law the problems still exist many errors and system flaws on the concept of the legislation value deviation, government service ability, the administrative law enforcement dehumanization problem still exists; law enforcement is not. Lax, weifabujiu phenomenon also occur; supervise and restrict the administrative power of government is not perfect; administrative personnel lack of legal concept, the people do not have a strong sense of the issues are still quite prominent. Therefore, the concept of marriage is imperative. The government by law and what people what is the concept of how to clarify the meaning? The relationship between the concept of the rule of law government and people? How to implement the people-oriented concept in the government under the rule of law in the process? This paper attempts to study the above problems. The paper is divided into five parts.
The first part mainly analyzes the research background, significance, elaborated the domestic and foreign research status of the government by law, direction and practice. This paper introduces the concept of evolution with the government under the rule of law process history of foreign people, main points of development and each stage representative. Analysis and sorting out the status quo in modern rule of law the concept and main achievements.
The second part, the origin and evolution of Western thought explains the doctrine, also discussed the development of Chinese this concept, and this paper from their own point of view to explain the concept of human connotation: people-centered, attention to people, caring for people, fully mobilize the people's initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, and to promote the all-round development of human freedom as the goal, in short, everything for the people. And from two aspects of theory and practical analysis of the necessity and feasibility of the rule of law government adhere to the people of this concept, the expression of the idea of people is the government by law spirit heritage.
The third part, mainly from the perspective of the construction of the legal government. Since thirty years of reform and opening up, China's government by law construction to actively implement the idea of people. Whether it is to build the basic framework of the rule of law the legal level, the government level or practice the idea of people for the construction of the government under the rule of law laid base. However the traditional ruling class will still prevail, the legal instrumentalism and utilitarianism and pragmatism thought still exists, the brutal law enforcement, law enforcement, the right pressure method the phenomenon is still serious. Therefore, this part separately from the legislative value orientation, service ability, government transparency, administrative law enforcement humanization, five aspects citizen consciousness discusses the government under the rule of law in the process of the lack of the concept of performance, and analyzes the reasons behind.
The fourth part opens up a concise window, the author tries to analyze the characteristics of Singapore government find can learn from experience and Enlightenment for the construction of the government under the rule of law in our country. From the supremacy of law, power restriction and self-discipline, protection of human rights, strict law enforcement features four main aspects of the rule of law pattern in Singapore, and summarizes the the practice of Singapore government under the rule of law humanism. Finally through the comparative analysis of the Singapore national conditions and the situation of our country, explore Singapore government mode in our country and enlightenment.
The fifth part, mainly from the balance, service, transparency, the basic framework of humanity and moral five aspects to build the government under the rule of law, the external manifestations of these five characteristics is the government under the rule of law, but also the inherent requirement of the rule of law government. In the way of mutual penetration between them, mutual integration, mutual promotion. Combining with the actual situation in China based on the basic framework of reference, proposed the construction of the rule of law in our government the way the experience of Singapore.
The final conclusion gives a brief summary of the views presented in this article.

【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.1

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