石灰烧结法制备氧化铝技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 05:33

  本文选题：石灰烧结法　切入点：干法烧结　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：铝是当今世界工业第二大金属,它的主要原料是氧化铝。目前,中国在世界上已经是一个氧化铝生产大国。但是,与发达国家相比,我国的氧化铝生产工艺在技术和资源上不占优势。随着我国氧化铝产量的不断提高,国内矿产资源日趋紧张,铝土矿品位大幅下降,大部分氧化铝企业都从国外进口优质铝土矿生产氧化铝。针对这一现状,本课题提出并研究了石灰烧结技术。 石灰烧结法技术主要是利用低品位矿石生产氧化铝的一种技术,由于国内优质矿源现在几乎耗尽,现有的矿石资源由于品位低,用拜耳法工艺提取氧化铝从经济上不划算；用选矿拜耳法生产氧化铝不但产率低、综合回收率低,而且选矿尾矿的处理及安全堆存也是一个大问题。石灰烧结法非常适合处理低品位铝土矿,并且可以实现干法烧结,国内外有多家科研院所对此曾进行过相关研究。 本文又对此工艺进行了较为详细的研究,并对不同原料的石灰烧结法进行了实验室实验。将低品位矿石或铝源与纯石灰配料、烧结,然后通过溶出效果评价配料和烧结情况的优劣。实验表明,用粉煤灰配料,熟料自粉化现象好,溶出率在80%左右；用铝土矿配料时,得到的熟料大部分情况下不自粉,熟料溶出率低,只有不到60%,但配入添加剂后,熟料中氧化铝溶出率升高,可以达到90%以上。两者的熟料烧结温度差不多,均在1300℃左右。 论文中得出的这些成果可为推动石灰烧结法工艺早日实现工业应用提供技术依据。
[Abstract]:Aluminum is the second largest metal in industry in the world, and its main raw material is alumina. At present, China is already a big producer of alumina in the world. However, compared with the developed countries, The production process of alumina in China is not superior in technology and resources. With the increasing production of alumina in China, the domestic mineral resources are becoming increasingly tense, and the grade of bauxite has dropped significantly. Most alumina enterprises import high quality bauxite ore from abroad to produce alumina. Lime sintering process is mainly a kind of technology to produce alumina from low grade ore. Because the domestic high quality ore source is almost exhausted and the existing ore resources are low grade, it is not economical to use Bayer process to extract alumina. The production of alumina by Bayer process is not only low yield and low comprehensive recovery, but also a big problem in the treatment and safe storage of tailings. Lime sintering is very suitable for treating low grade bauxite and can realize dry sintering. At home and abroad, a number of research institutes have carried out related research. In this paper, the process is studied in detail, and the experiment of lime sintering with different raw materials is carried out. The low grade ore or aluminum source is sintered with pure lime. The experiment shows that the clinker self-pulverized with fly ash is good, the dissolution rate is about 80%, and when the bauxite is used, the clinker is not self-powdered in most cases. The dissolution rate of clinker is low, less than 60%, but after adding additives, the dissolution rate of alumina in clinker can be increased to more than 90%. The sintering temperature of both clinker is about 1 300 鈩，

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