马来西亚中产阶级发展对民主转型的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 06:05

本文选题：马来西亚　切入点：民主转型　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文主要研究马来西亚中产阶级与该国民主政治发展之间的关系,即二者之间是如何相互作用的。第一章绪论,主要介绍研究目的及意义、国内外研究状况、研究方法等。第二章为核心概念界定及相关理论阐述。第三章主要梳理和分析马来西亚中产阶级产生的背景及发展壮大的过程。第四章主要论述马来西亚中产阶级的政治主张、政治特质,分析马来西亚中产阶级是如何推进国家民主转型的,以及马来西亚民主转型对中产阶级产生的影响。第五章对马来西亚中产阶级和韩国中产阶级在民主转型中的不同影响作了比较,并根据马来西亚中产阶级的特殊性探讨其与国家民主转型间关系演变的未来走向。本文认为,尽管马来西亚当前依旧处于民主转型的过程中,但马来西亚的政治民主已有了相当的水平,马来西亚中产阶级在其中发挥了重要的作用。与东南亚其他国家一样,马来西亚中产阶级的成长也受益于威权政府主导下的经济发展,因而可以说是政府及其政策推动的产物。伴随着数十年高速的经济发展,马来西亚中产阶级的队伍日益壮大,并通过选举、参与政治性社会运动、参加非政府组织等途径积极参与到国家的政治变革中。但由于受种族和宗教因素的影响,马来西亚中产阶级一直存在着内部高度的异质性,马来西亚中产阶级始终未能在重大问题上达成一定程度的共识并超越其原有的意识形态和派别利益。同时,马来人中产阶级受政府政策照顾最多,享有诸多的特权,对政府的依赖性最强,这使得本就具有人口优势的马来人中产阶级对推进马来西亚民主转型的作用大打折扣。就目前情况来看,马来西亚的民主转型之路还很漫长,也许只有当马来西亚的政治生活不再以种族为特征,且各种族间的经济差距逐渐消失之后,马来西亚中产阶级的民主动力才会显现出其强大的威力。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the relationship between the Malaysian middle class and the development of democratic politics in Malaysia, that is, how the two interact. Chapter one, introduction, mainly introduces the purpose and significance of the research, and the research situation at home and abroad. The second chapter is the definition of the core concepts and related theories. Chapter three mainly combs and analyzes the background and the process of the development of the Malaysian middle class. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the political claims of the Malaysian middle class. The political characteristics, the analysis of how the Malaysian middle class is promoting the democratic transformation of the country, And the impact of Malaysia's democratic transition on the middle class. Chapter five compares the different effects of the Malaysian middle class and the Korean middle class in the democratic transition. According to the particularity of the Malaysian middle class, the future trend of the relationship between the Malaysian middle class and the democratic transition of the country is discussed. This paper holds that although Malaysia is still in the process of democratic transition, But Malaysia's political democracy has reached a significant level, and the Malaysian middle class has played an important role in it. Like other countries in Southeast Asia, The growth of Malaysia's middle class has also benefited from authoritarian economic development, which can be said to be a product of the government and its policies. With decades of rapid economic growth, Malaysia's middle class is growing stronger. And through elections, participation in political social movements, participation in non-governmental organizations, and other ways to actively participate in the political transformation of the country. However, due to the influence of ethnic and religious factors, the Malaysian middle class has always had a high degree of internal heterogeneity. The Malaysian middle class has never been able to reach a certain degree of consensus on major issues and transcend its original ideological and sectarian interests. At the same time, the Malay middle class is most cared for by government policies and enjoys many privileges. Most dependent on the government, the Malay middle class, which already has a demographic advantage, is making a dent in the role of Malaysia's democratic transition. As things stand, Malaysia's democratic transition is still a long way off. Perhaps it is only when Malaysia's political life is no longer characterized by race and the economic disparities between races have disappeared, the democratic drive of Malaysia's middle class will show its great power.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D733.8

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