制度选择对民主转型结果的影响

发布时间：2018-03-25 02:05

本文选题：共识民主　切入点：多数民主　出处：《政治学研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：民主转型中最为艰难的问题就是选择何种形式的民主制度,包括选择何种形式的政府、何种形式的政党制度以及何种形式的选举制度。多数民主模式在选举制度上选择多数选举制,在政党制度上往往表现为两党轮流执政的一党多数政府,在政府形式上往往采取总统制;而共识民主模式在选举制度上选择比例代表制,在政党制度上往往表现为多党制的联合政府,在政府形式上往往采取议会制。这两种不同的民主模式在制度上的不同选择对于发展中民主转型国家的最终结果产生了何种影响呢?基于对37个发展中民主转型国家的实证研究,本文的主要结论如下:制度的选择对于民主转型和巩固,以及民主国家的治理绩效非常重要;民主转型与制度选择没有一条固定的道路,各个国家应选择适合自己国情的民主制度模式;共识民主的制度选择是一条更具优势的制度设计之路,这一制度选择优于以美国为代表的多数民主制度选择。
[Abstract]:Democratic transition in the most difficult problem is to choose the form of democracy, including the choice of the form of government, what kind of what kind of party system and the electoral system. The majority democracy mode selection majority system of election in the electoral system, the party system is often manifested as the ruling parties take turns majoritarian government, often take the presidential system in the form of government; and Consensus Democracy mode selection of the proportional representation in the electoral system, the party system is often manifested as a multi-party coalition government, in the form of government is often taken to the meeting. What are the impacts of the two different models of democracy different choices in the system of final results for democracy the transformation and development of the country? Based on the 37 development in democratic countries in transition of empirical research, the main conclusions of this paper are as follows: the choice of the system for democratic transition And the consolidation of democracy and governance performance is very important; without a fixed choice of the road of democratic transition and democratic system, each country should choose the mode of system suited to their own national conditions; Consensus Democracy is a system of system design has more advantages in the road, most of the democratic system the system selection is better than in the United States as the representative.

【作者单位】：中国政法大学政治与公共管理学院;
【基金】：中国政法大学优秀中青年教师培养支持计划资助项目的研究成果
【分类号】：D082

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