微波加热法制备石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 15:27

本文选题：石墨烯-金(Graphene-Au)纳米复合材料　切入点：石墨烯-硫化镉(Graphene-CdS)纳米复合材料　出处：《华东师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：石墨烯(Graphene)是由单层碳原子紧密堆积成二维蜂窝状晶格结构的一种碳质新材料,近年来在实验研究和科学理论方面引起了人们的极大关注。由于其独特的纳米结构和优异的性能,Graphene在组建纳米复合材料方面极具潜力和吸引力。 Graphene能够通过化学还原法还原石墨氧化物大量制备,但是被还原的Graphene倾向于形成不可逆转的团聚物,甚至重新形成石墨。因此为了获得高质量的Graphene,通常可以采用在Graphene上生长一些无机分子或聚合物减少Graphene的团聚。在Graphene上沉积无机材料,如金属、半导体、绝缘体纳米颗粒或纳米簇能够形成优良的Graphene复合材料。同时,Graphene和某些功能粒子整合之后在新的交叉应用方面有独特的特点,例如在光学、电气、催化、传感器等方面。此外,大量生产Graphene的成本远低于碳纳米管(CNTs)。因此Graphene有望成为碳材料的新代表,有着广阔的应用前景。本文主要研究了微波加热法制备金纳米颗粒(Au)、硫化镉(CdS)量子点、石墨烯-金纳米(Graphene-Au)复合材料和石墨稀-硫化镉(Graphene-CdS)纳米复合材料。通过优化反应温度、微波功率和微波时间,可控制备了尺寸分布均一的Au纳米颗粒和CdS量子点。并且通过微波加热的方法在溶液中还原石墨氧化物和Au或CdS前驱体,成功制备了结构稳定、性能优良的Graphene-Au纳米复合材料和Graphene-CdS纳米复合材料。由于微波加热法能快速简单地合成纳米材料及纳米复合材料,并且在合成Graphene时无需使用剧毒的还原试剂,因此,该方法具有广泛的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Graphene (Graphene) is a new type of carbon material, which is composed of single layer carbon atoms and packed into a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice structure. In recent years, great attention has been paid to the experimental research and scientific theory. Because of its unique nanostructures and excellent properties, Graphene has great potential and attraction in the fabrication of nanocomposites. Graphene can be reduced to a large amount of graphite oxide by chemical reduction, but the reduced Graphene tends to form irreversible aggregates. Therefore, in order to obtain high quality Graphene, some inorganic molecules or polymers can be grown on Graphene to reduce the agglomeration of Graphene. Inorganic materials such as metals, semiconductors, insulator nanoparticles or nanoclusters deposited on Graphene can form excellent Graphene composites. For example, in optics, electricity, catalysis, sensors and so on. In addition, the cost of mass production of Graphene is much lower than that of CNTs. Therefore, Graphene is expected to become a new representative of carbon materials and has a broad application prospect. In this paper, the preparation of au (au) nanocrystalline, cadmium sulfide (CDs) quantum dots, graphene / gold nanocrystalline Graphene-Aue) composites and graphite dilute cadmium sulfide Graphene-CdS nanocomposites by microwave heating were studied. The reaction temperature, microwave power and microwave time were optimized. Au nanoparticles and CdS quantum dots with uniform size distribution can be controlled, and the structure is stable by reducing graphite oxide and au or CdS precursors in solution by microwave heating. Graphene-Au nanocomposites and Graphene-CdS nanocomposites with excellent properties. Because microwave heating can synthesize nanomaterials and nanocomposites quickly and simply, and there is no need to use highly toxic reduction reagents in the synthesis of Graphene, therefore, This method has a wide application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TB383.1

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