冷冻法制备多孔淀粉及性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 01:30

本文选题：多孔淀粉　切入点：制备　出处：《天津大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：多孔淀粉是一种新型的变性淀粉,作为吸附材料,其高效、无毒、安全、可生物降解等优点,引起国内外专家学者的关注和兴趣,被广泛研究开发应用于食品、医药卫生、农业、日用化工等行业。本研究以马铃薯淀粉为原料,对多孔淀粉制备工艺、多孔淀粉的性质及应用进行了研究。本文采用马铃薯原淀粉为原料,通过对马铃薯淀粉进行糊化,在低温条件下制备多孔淀粉,并研究了温度以及乙醇和水的不同比例处理后对其的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对淀粉进行表征分析,研究了经不同比例的乙醇和水的溶液处理后多孔淀粉的孔径变化以及其吸油、吸水蒸汽的变化。以柠檬酸为酯化剂,在无溶剂条件下合成淀粉酯,并以取代度为评价指标,利用正交试验对淀粉酯的合成工艺进行优化,考察了物料比、反应时间、反应温度对取代度的影响。采用红外光谱分析(FTIR)、热重分析(TG)、粘度测定(RVA)、扫描电镜分析(SEM)等技术对产物结构及性能进行表征。疏水性酯基的引入减少了淀粉中的羟基数目因而使得淀粉酯的热稳定性降低,疏水性增加,亲水性降低,粘度降低。以多孔淀粉为吸附材料,研究多孔淀粉在油-水体系、乙醇-水体系中的吸附应用。
[Abstract]:Porous starch is a new type of modified starch. As an adsorbent material, it has the advantages of high efficiency, non-toxicity, safety, biodegradability and so on. It has attracted the attention and interest of experts and scholars at home and abroad, and has been widely studied and applied in food, medicine and hygiene.Agriculture, daily chemical industry and other industries.The preparation process, properties and application of porous starch were studied with potato starch as raw material.The porous starch was prepared by gelatinization of potato starch at low temperature, and the effects of temperature and different proportion of ethanol and water on it were studied.The starch was characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pore size changes of porous starch treated with different proportion of ethanol and water as well as the changes of oil absorption and water absorption steam were studied.Starch ester was synthesized by using citric acid as esterification agent and the degree of substitution as evaluation index. The effects of material ratio, reaction time and reaction temperature on the degree of substitution were investigated by orthogonal test.The structure and properties of the products were characterized by FTIR, TG, RVAX and SEM.The introduction of hydrophobic ester groups reduces the number of hydroxyl groups in starch, thus reducing the thermal stability, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity and viscosity of starch esters.The application of porous starch in oil-water system and ethanol-water system was studied.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：TS236.9

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