超分子自组装法制备氮化碳聚合物光催化剂

发布时间：2018-04-06 20:21

本文选题：氮化碳　切入点：纳米材料　出处：《中国材料进展》2017年01期

【摘要】：利用光催化技术将低密度的太阳能转化为高密度的化学能或直接降解有机污染物,是解决能源短缺和环境污染等问题的理想途径。氮化碳是近期发展出来的一类聚合物半导体新型光催化剂,在分解水制氢、污染物降解、二氧化碳还原、选择性有机合成等研究方面有着重要科学意义和应用前景。前驱物超分子自组装法是制备高效纳米氮化碳光催化剂的重要合成方法之一。通过分子间的弱相互作用力,如三聚氰胺与三嗪衍生物之间的氢键相互作用,形成有序的超分子组装体,再进一步焙烧热聚合可制备氮化碳纳米材料。通过控制自组装过程的反应参数和条件,可以有效地调控氮化碳的组成、形貌、能带结构、光学性能、光生载流子分离效率,从而提高氮化碳的光催化性能。综述了超分子自组装法合成氮化碳光催化剂的最新研究进展,总结了系列纳米结构氮化碳光催化剂的研究工作,包括共聚合改性氮化碳、非金属掺杂氮化碳、金属掺杂氮化碳、金属氧化物-氮化碳复合物、氮化碳异质结以及高结晶度氮化碳光催化剂等。同时阐述了超分子自组装法对氮化碳的组成、结构和光催化性能的调控作用,并就该研究领域未来发展进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Using photocatalytic technology to convert low-density solar energy into high-density chemical energy or directly degrade organic pollutants is an ideal way to solve the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution.Carbon nitride is a new type of polymer semiconductor photocatalyst developed recently. It has important scientific significance and application prospect in hydrogen production from water degradation of pollutants carbon dioxide reduction selective organic synthesis and so on.Supramolecular self-assembly of precursors is one of the most important synthesis methods for preparing high-performance carbon nitride photocatalysts.Through the weak interaction between molecules such as hydrogen bond interaction between melamine and triazine derivatives an ordered supramolecular assembly is formed and further calcined thermal polymerization can be used to prepare carbon nitride nanomaterials.By controlling the reaction parameters and conditions of the self-assembly process, the composition, morphology, band structure, optical properties and photo-generated carrier separation efficiency of carbon nitride can be effectively controlled, thus improving the photocatalytic performance of carbon nitride.The latest research progress in the synthesis of carbon nitride photocatalysts by supramolecular self-assembly method was reviewed. The research work of a series of nanostructured carbon nitride photocatalysts was summarized, including modified carbon nitride by copolymerization, non-metal doped carbon nitride, metal doped carbon nitride, metal doped carbon nitride.Metal oxides-carbon nitride complexes, carbon nitride heterostructures and high crystallinity carbon nitride photocatalysts.The effects of supramolecular self-assembly on the composition, structure and photocatalytic properties of carbon nitride were discussed.
【作者单位】：福州大学化学学院能源与环境光催化国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展规划“973”项目(2013CB632405) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(21425309) 国家“111”引智计划
【分类号】：O643.36

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