电化学法制备染料敏化太阳能电池中的纳米结构聚苯胺薄膜对电极

发布时间：2018-04-16 22:12

本文选题：电化学 + 聚苯胺　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在室温条件下,运用电化学循环伏安技术在掺杂氟的二氧化锡(FTO)玻璃导电面原位聚合制备出不同厚度的聚苯胺薄膜。经扫描电镜和原子力显微镜对其表面进行微观形貌分析后发现：聚苯胺先呈纳米颗粒状在FTO玻璃导电表面生长,随着聚苯胺纳米颗粒密度的增大,在底层的纳米颗粒上逐渐长出线状的聚苯胺,最后形成多孔的网状聚苯胺。将此聚苯胺薄膜成功应用到染料敏化太阳能电池作为对电极,并对不同厚度聚苯胺薄膜对电极组成的电池性能进行了表征：其中最优的聚苯胺薄膜对电极电池的光电转化效率达到4.95%,接近铂标准电极的5.41%,而且聚苯胺薄膜对电极电池的电流密度比铂对电极电池提高了11.6%。因此电化学法制备的低成本、高效率聚苯胺对电极可用于染料敏化太阳能电池中来替代传统使用的贵金属铂对电极。在此基础上建立了电化学原位聚合生长聚苯胺的理论模型,即聚苯胺薄膜由低孔隙率的紧密层和高孔隙率的疏松层组成,二者具有不同的结构和电化学特性。借助此理论模型解释了由不同厚度聚苯胺薄膜对电极组成的染料敏化太阳能电池光电性能的变化规律,并且此模型有助于开发更高性能的其他导电聚合物电极或电器件。
[Abstract]:Polyaniline thin films with different thickness were prepared by electrochemical cyclic voltammetry at room temperature on the conductive surface of fluorine-doped tin dioxide (FTO) glass.The results of SEM and AFM show that Polyaniline first grows on the conductive surface of FTO glass, and the density of Polyaniline nanoparticles increases with the increase of the density of Polyaniline nanoparticles.The linear Polyaniline is gradually grown on the bottom nanoparticles, and finally the porous network Polyaniline is formed.The Polyaniline film was successfully applied to dye sensitized solar cells as counter electrodes.The performance of the battery with different thickness Polyaniline thin film was characterized. The photoelectricity conversion efficiency of the best Polyaniline film to the electrode cell reached 4.95, which was close to 5.41 of the platinum standard electrode, and the Polyaniline film was electrically opposite to the electrode.The current density of the electrode cell is 11. 6% higher than that of the platinum counter electrode cell.Therefore, the low cost and high efficiency Polyaniline counter electrode prepared by electrochemical method can be used in dye sensitized solar cells to replace the traditional noble metal platinum counter electrode.The theoretical model of Polyaniline growth by electrochemical in-situ polymerization was established, that is, Polyaniline thin film was composed of compact layer with low porosity and loose layer with high porosity, which had different structure and electrochemical characteristics.With the help of this theoretical model, the variation of photovoltaic properties of dye-sensitized solar cells composed of different thickness Polyaniline films is explained, and this model is helpful to develop other conductive polymer electrodes or electrical components with higher performance.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：TM914.4

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