基层民主治理单元的下沉——从村民自治到小社区自治

发布时间：2018-04-23 14:47

本文选题：村民自治 + 小社区自治　；参考：《华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2017年01期

【摘要】：在上世纪90年代末的中国政治改革减缓之后,中国的政治改革阵地向基层转移,在广大农村发展起了村民自治的民主形式,但在新农村建设的背景下中国的村民自治走向何方?村民自治为什么目前陷入低迷状态?这一系列的问题还有待解答。从村民自治的发展情况来看,一种观点认为其在衰落的同时走向农村社区自治;另一种观点认为村民自治并没有衰落,只是缺乏有效实现方式而已。但从最新的经验出发我们会发现,村民自治一直备受诟病而且举步不前的原因在于其治理的组织单元过大,而治理单元的细化和下沉,小社区自治是其进一步发展的方向之一,其优势在于对现有村民自治条件下无法解决的公共服务、集体发展、社会秩序、社会关联和民主权利等方面的难题的化解提供了新的思路,其因为治理单元小、集体行动易于达成、利益关联密切和激励及时有效等特点,在农民组织化、农民公共利益和农民公共生活的创建等方面都大有作为。
[Abstract]:After the slowdown of China's political reform in the late 1990s, China's political reform position shifted to the grass-roots level, and the democratic form of villager autonomy developed in the vast rural areas. But in the context of the construction of the new countryside, where is the villager autonomy going in China? Why is villager autonomy in the doldrums at present? This series of questions remains to be answered. From the perspective of the development of villagers' autonomy, one view is that the villagers' autonomy is in decline and the other is that the villagers' autonomy has not declined, but only lacks the effective way to realize it. However, from the latest experience, we will find that the reason why villagers' autonomy has been criticized and has not moved forward is that the organizational units of their governance are too large, and the refinement and sinking of the governance units, the autonomy of small communities is one of the directions for its further development. Its advantage lies in providing new ideas for solving the problems of public service, collective development, social order, social association and democratic rights, which cannot be solved under the existing conditions of villagers' autonomy, because the governance unit is small. Collective action is easy to achieve, closely related to interests, prompt and effective incentives, and so on, in the farmers' organization, farmers' public interests and the establishment of farmers' public life and other aspects of great success.
【作者单位】：云南行政学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“包容性发展视阈下我国农村社会管理创新研究”(13CKS018) 教育部人文社会科学基金项目“征地拆迁冲突的协同治理与民主协商研究”(13YJC810013) 云南省委党校专项课题“新型农村经济合作组织参与精准扶贫的模式研究”(2016XT19) 2016年湖北省重点(培育)学科政治学学科开放研究基金项目“新型农村经济合作组织与基层治理研究”
【分类号】：D669.3

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