电沉积法制备超疏水涂层及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 19:27

  本文选题：电沉积 + 超疏水涂层　； 参考：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：金属材料在航空航天、汽车制造、石油化工、机械加工以及一些高新技术领域都有着重要的用途,然而金属材料的腐蚀问题多年来一直困扰着人们的生产和生活,金属腐蚀不仅会导致材料使用寿命缩短、造成环境污染,同时也会给我们带来巨大的经济损失、甚至引发严重的安全事故。近年来,超疏水涂层以其独特的优势越来越多地被人们用于解决涂层的防护和防腐问题。传统的超疏水涂层的制备方法往往具有工艺设备复杂、原料费用昂贵,且受基体材料大小、形状影响很大的缺陷。而利用电化学沉积法制备超疏水涂层以其工艺简单、对环境无毒无污染、材料利用率高,且易于实现大表面、复杂结构制备等优势,逐渐成为超疏水防腐涂层方向的研究热点。本文以获得兼具优异的防腐和耐磨性能的超疏水涂层为研究目标,以材料表面与界面问题为研究的基本问题。利用组成-结构的电化学调控,实现多级纳-微结构的构建,将低表面能物质接枝于电沉积涂层,最终获得具备良好防腐、耐磨性的超疏水涂层。文章的主要内容概括如下:(1)受仿生学贻贝类生物能够分泌粘着蛋白质的启发,有研究者发现多巴胺具有类似的结构和表面性质,能够自聚合形成具有粘着性的聚多巴胺,且很容易黏附在固体表面。在实验的设计中,我们首次将多巴胺的氧化聚合引入金属锌的电沉积过程中,Zn2+和多巴胺的氧化还原性可以同时促进多巴胺的聚合和金属锌的沉积,实现电沉积过程快速、高效地进行。电沉积过程构建出了具有独特的“菜花状”结构的锌/聚多巴胺(Zn/pDop)沉积层,接枝正十二硫醇(NDM)后,实现了功能性超疏水Zn/pDop/NDM复合涂层的制备。探索了不同的电沉积条件对涂层疏水性和表面形貌的影响,最终确定合适的沉积电压为1.5 V,沉积时间为30 min,此时钢板上的Zn/pDop/NDM涂层能够获得最佳的表面形貌和疏水性能(疏水角为167.6°,滚动角为0.9°)。(2)为了验证超疏水Zn/pDop/NDM复合涂层的适用性和应用前景,分别在钢板、铜板和铝板上成功制备了此种超疏水涂层。经研究发现,三种基板上的Zn/pDop/NDM涂层都实现了优异的超疏水性能。Zn/pDop/NDM复合涂层浸入泥浆中往复循环30次后仍然能够保持原状,没有沾染任何污物或被润湿,展现了良好的自清洁效果。此外,多巴胺的引入极大地增强了Zn/pDop/NDM涂层的耐磨性能和粘结强度,Zn/pDop/NDM涂层经过500 mm(载荷:2.8 kPa)的摩擦之后仍然能够保持超疏水性能,而未添加多巴胺的Zn/NDM涂层在摩擦100 mm之后就出现了严重的磨损现象,且疏水角快速下降。同时,Zn/pDop/NDM涂层还兼具良好的化学稳定性,在pH=1-14的苛刻环境中仍能保持超疏水性能,在电化学测试中此涂层也展现出了优异的防腐蚀性能。(3)受不锈钢优异的耐蚀、耐磨性能的启发,参照不锈钢中的组成和含量,在普通的碳钢基板上利用电沉积技术制备了双层扦插Ni-Cr合金超疏水涂层,以提升碳钢基板的防腐和防护性能。通过调控电沉积过程中的各项参数,调整涂层中镍铬合金的组成和比例,分别制备了镍Ni涂层、铬Cr涂层及镍铬Ni-Cr合金涂层。对涂层的润湿性能、自清洁性能及摩擦性能进行了详细的探究,另外,通过电化学EIS阻抗图谱、极化曲线测试对涂层的防腐蚀性能进行了对比和分析,其中Ni-Cr合金涂层具有最低的腐蚀电流和最高的腐蚀电势,且EIS阻抗图谱结果显示Ni-Cr合金涂层取得了最大的电容弧直径,其防腐性能与纯基板相比提升了近三个数量级。
[Abstract]:Metal materials have important applications in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, petrochemical, mechanical processing and some high-tech fields. However, the corrosion of metal materials has been plaguing people's production and living for many years. Metal corrosion not only causes the life of materials to be shortened, but also causes environmental pollution, but it will also bring us the environment. In recent years, superhydrophobic coatings are increasingly being used to solve the protection and anticorrosion problems of coatings with their unique advantages. The preparation methods of the traditional superhydrophobic coating often have complex process equipment, high cost of raw materials, and influenced by the size and shape of the matrix material. The preparation of super hydrophobic coating by electrochemical deposition is a hot spot of super hydrophobic anticorrosive coating, with its advantages of simple technology, non-toxic and pollution-free environment, high utilization rate of materials, easy to realize large surface and complex structure preparation. This paper is to obtain super hydrophobicity with excellent anticorrosion and wear resistance. The coating is the research goal and the basic problem of the material surface and interface problem. Using the electrochemical regulation of the composition structure, the multi-stage nanofilm structure is constructed. The low surface energy material is grafted onto the electrodeposition coating, and the super water coating with good corrosion resistance and wear resistance is obtained. The main contents of the article are as follows: (1) imitated Some researchers found that dopamine has a similar structure and surface properties, which can self polymerize to form a sticky polydopamine and easily adhere to the solid surface. In the design of the experiment, we first introduced the oxidation of dopamine to the electrodeposition of zinc. In the process, the oxidation-reduction of Zn2+ and dopamine can simultaneously promote the polymerization of dopamine and the deposition of metal zinc. The electrodeposition process is rapid and efficient. The zinc / polydopamine (Zn/pDop) layer with a unique "cauliflower like" structure has been constructed. After the grafting of twelve mercaptan (NDM), the functional superthin is realized. The effect of different electrodeposition conditions on the hydrophobicity and surface morphology of the coating was explored. The suitable deposition voltage was determined to be 1.5 V and the deposition time was 30 min. At this time, the Zn/pDop/NDM coating on the steel plate could obtain the best surface morphology and hydrophobicity (the hydrophobicity angle was 167.6, and the rolling angle was 0.9). (2) in order to verify the applicability and application prospect of superhydrophobic Zn/pDop/NDM composite coating, the superhydrophobic coating was successfully prepared on steel plate, copper plate and aluminum plate. It was found that the Zn/pDop/NDM coating on the three substrates achieved excellent superhydrophobic.Zn/pDop/NDM composite coating in the slurry for 30 times. In addition, the introduction of dopamine greatly enhanced the wear resistance and bond strength of the Zn/pDop/NDM coating, and the Zn/pDop/NDM coating remained super hydrophobic after 500 mm (load: 2.8 kPa) friction, without adding dopamine. After friction 100 mm, the Zn/NDM coating appeared serious wear and tear, and the hydrophobicity angle decreased rapidly. At the same time, the Zn/pDop/NDM coating also had good chemical stability. It still maintained super hydrophobic property in the harsh environment of pH=1-14. In electrochemical test, the coating also showed excellent corrosion resistance. (3) excellent stainless steel. With reference to the composition and content of stainless steel, the superhydrophobic coating of double cuttage Ni-Cr alloy was prepared on ordinary carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition on ordinary carbon steel substrate to improve the anticorrosion and protection performance of the carbon steel substrate. The composition and ratio of Ni Cr alloy in the coating were adjusted by adjusting the parameters in the electrodeposition process. The nickel Ni coating, chromium Cr coating and nickel chromium Ni-Cr alloy coating were prepared respectively. The wettability, self cleaning properties and friction properties of the coating were investigated in detail. In addition, the corrosion resistance of the coating was compared and analyzed by the electrochemical EIS impedance atlas and polarization curve test. The Ni-Cr alloy coating had the lowest decay. The corrosion current and the highest corrosion potential, and the results of the EIS impedance atlas show that the maximum capacitance arc diameter of the Ni-Cr alloy coating is obtained, and its anticorrosion performance is nearly three orders of magnitude higher than that of the pure substrate.

【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ153
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本文编号：1793287