溶液聚合法制备聚乳酸的研究
发布时间:2018-05-01 00:20
本文选题:聚乳酸 + 溶液聚合 ; 参考:《哈尔滨理工大学》2010年硕士论文
【摘要】: 聚乳酸是一种以玉米淀粉等可再生资源为起始原料来生产的可生物降解高分子材料,聚乳酸无毒,无刺激性,具有优良的生物相容性、生物可吸收性、生物可降解性,同时还具有优良的物理、力学性能。 本文采用溶液聚合的方法,使单体D, L-乳酸通过直接聚合的方式合成聚乳酸,优化了制备工艺,使聚乳酸的制备周期缩短。 首先以D, L-乳酸单体为原料,抽真空脱去乳酸单体中自身存在的游离水,研究了减压脱水时间、脱水温度、真空度对预除水过程的影响,确定合理的制备工艺条件为:先减压脱水至乳酸温度为80℃,真空度为-0.03MPa,脱水时间为3小时,使乳酸单体中的游离水脱除比较彻底,并为下一步乳酸直接聚合过程提供有利条件。 在上述实验过程的基础上,不断的提高聚合反应体系的温度,与此同时聚合反应体系的真空度也要逐步提高,并且加入催化剂无水氯化亚锡,严格控制聚合反应的工艺过程,探讨了溶剂的选择及其用量,催化剂种类及其用量,聚合反应所需的时间,聚合反应体系的温度,聚合反应体系的真空度,聚合反应末期加入分子筛脱水、反应过程通入氮气保护等工艺条件对聚乳酸制品分子量,以及产物颜色状态的影响。 采用溶液聚合的方法合成聚乳酸的最佳的工艺条件为:聚合反应的催化剂为无水氯化亚锡,其用量为乳酸单体的0.25 wt%,聚合反应时间为24h,聚合反应温度为160℃,聚合反应真空度-0.09MPa。按照此最佳工艺条件进行聚乳酸的制备,最终得到聚乳酸的粘均分子量Mη近2万。通过对聚合物的红外光谱的分析,证明了合成产物是聚乳酸。
[Abstract]:Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer material produced from corn starch and other renewable resources. Polylactic acid is non-toxic, non-irritating, and has excellent biocompatibility, bioabsorbability and biodegradability. At the same time, it also has excellent physical and mechanical properties. Polylactic acid was synthesized by direct polymerization of monomer D, L-lactic acid by solution polymerization. The preparation process was optimized and the preparation period of polylactic acid was shortened. At first, using DL- lactic acid monomer as raw material, the effects of dehydration time, dehydration temperature and vacuum degree on the pre-removal process were studied by vacuum desorption of free water from lactate monomer. The optimum preparation conditions were determined as follows: dehydration at 80 鈩,
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