完善西安市社区服务的对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 18:39

本文选题：西安市 + 社区　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：社区服务作为社会福利与社会工作的重要组成部分，地方政府对其认识已经越来越深入，同时社区服务的发展也越来越快。随着我国经济体制改革和政治体制改革的不断深化，原先存在的社区服务工作的社会基础条件已经发生了深刻的变化，社区服务本身的变革也逐渐地被提上了各级政府的工作议程，社区服务只有不断创新且完善相关政策，才能不断满足民众对社区服务更高水平的需求。为了全面完成当初选题的目标，，论文分成了五章内容进行了阐述。第一章，论文对研究背景进行了论述，通过对西安市的社区结构进行了常规的分析，初步提出西安市社区服务现存的问题，然后引出了论文研究的意义所在，对国内外研究进行阐述。国外的研究部分主要叙述了帕累托的市场失灵理论，为政府干预市场、干预社会资源配置提供了理论支持；对于政府失灵观点的说明，为社区服务理论体系引入市场机制理论提供了支持；新公共服务理论认为公众利益最大化应该公共服务的最终落脚点。国内的研究部分主要叙述了我国社区服务从上个世纪八十年代至今的发展历程；对国内的相关研究核心问题进行了说明。最后，论文对研究的主要内容和方法进行了说明。第二章，论文对社区和社区服务的概念进行了明确说明，而且对社区服务的性质和目标进行了叙述。其性质主要有：区域性、公共性、公益性、系统多样性，目标是尽可能满足人们的物质与精神方面多层次的需求。论文对社区服务原则、分类及社区服务和社区建设、发展的关系进行了叙述。社区服务原则有：理论指导原则、全面规划原则、自我服务原则、分清主次原则。社区服务的分类：社区生活服务、社区教育服务、社区文化服务、社区中介服务、社区民政服务。在本章的最后，简明叙述了论文中用到的相关社区服务基础理论。第三章，文章对西安市社区服务发展现状进行了阐述，其中包括西安市社区服务发展进程、西安市社区服务运行现状及社区服务的调查分析。西安市社区服务运行现状的内容包括了：社区建设领导工作体系、社区服务工作组织体系、社区服务模式及西安市社区服务工作已经取得的成绩。本章末尾对西安市社区服务存在的主要问题进行了阐述，而且对造成这些的问题的主要原因进行了简明分析。第四章，论文对国外的社区服务进行例举和分析，如日本的社区服务，其主要的特点：政府指导、支持和监督、社区管理更加自治、坚持以人为本和未雨绸缪为基本原则；美国的社区服务，其主要的特点：社区服务中的主要力量是社会非营利组织、社区规划合理且科学、强调社区依法管理、施行高度民主管理；新加坡的社区服务，其主要的特点：政府主导和社区建设相结合、社区管理体系非常完整、公众较少参与社区活动。论文对国内的社区服务进行了例举和分析，如汉江社区服务，其主要特点：变革社区服务组织形式、变革社区服务人员身份、社区居委会主体地位更加明确、变革街道行政体制、确定社区居委会和社区服务站的功能；澳门社区服务，其主要特点：服务项目丰富和服务主体多元化、非政府团体是提供社区服务的主力、政府较少介入社区服务、社区服务、基层自治共同发展。最后得出社区服务模式启示，如适应大都市社区发展，制定科学社区规划；加快社区法治建设，促进社区自治转化；遵循市场规律，壮大非营利组织。第五章，论文提出西安市社区服务的完善建议，如培养非营利性组织，健全新型社区服务类型；理清社区三级管理，明确各方职责；完善社区服务制度，促进社区居民自治；提高社区服务人员素质，建设专业化队伍；加强社区规划科学性，夯实社区服务发展基础；加快社区基础设施建设，改善居民生活质量；健全社区服务产业化体系，解决发展资金问题；完善社区服务市场体系，充实社区服务内容；增强社区民众参与社区服务意识；完善社区服务信息反馈，对接居民实际生活。
[Abstract]:As an important part of social welfare and social work, the community service has become more and more deep, and the development of community service is becoming faster and faster. With the reform of the economic system and the deepening of the reform of the political system, the social basic conditions of the former community service work have taken place deeply. The change of the community service itself has gradually been put on the work agenda of the government at all levels. Only the community service is constantly innovating and perfecting the relevant policies to meet the needs of the higher level of the community service. In order to complete the goal of the original topic, the article is divided into five chapters.
In the first chapter, the paper discusses the background of the study. Through the routine analysis of the community structure in Xi'an, the existing problems of community service in Xi'an are preliminarily proposed, and then the significance of the research is brought out, and the research at home and abroad is expounded. The foreign research part mainly describes Pareto's theory of market failure, The government intervention in the market and intervention in the allocation of social resources provides theoretical support; the explanation of the government failure point of view provides support for the introduction of market mechanism theory to the community service theory system; the new public service theory holds that the maximization of public interest should be the ultimate point of the public service. The development of community service from the 80s of last century to the present, the core issues of domestic research are explained. Finally, the main contents and methods of the research are explained.
The second chapter gives a clear description of the concept of community service and community service, and describes the nature and objectives of community service. Its nature is: regional, public, public, and systematic diversity. The goal is to meet the multilevel needs of people's material and spiritual aspects as far as possible. The relationship between class and community service and community construction and development is narrated. The principles of community service include: theory guiding principle, comprehensive planning principle, self-service principle, classification of community service: community life service, community education service, community cultural service, community intermediary service, community civil service. After that, the basic theories of related community services are briefly described.
The third chapter, the article expounds the present situation of community service development in Xi'an, including the development process of community service in Xi'an, the status of community service operation in Xi'an and the investigation and analysis of community service. The contents of the current situation of community service operation in Xi'an include: community construction and guiding system, community service organization system, society Regional service model and Xi'an community service work have been achieved. At the end of this chapter, the main problems of community service in Xi'an are expounded, and the main reasons for these problems are briefly analyzed.
The fourth chapter gives an example and analysis of the community service abroad, such as the community service in Japan, its main characteristics: government guidance, support and supervision, community management more autonomous, adhered to the basic principles of people oriented and proactive; the main characteristics of the community service in the United States: the main strength of community service is social non The profit organization, the community planning is reasonable and scientific, emphasizes the management of the community according to law and the high democratic management; the main characteristics of the community service in Singapore: the combination of the government leading and the community construction, the community management system is very complete, the public is less involved in the community activities. The main characteristics of the community service are: changing the form of community service organization, changing the identity of community service personnel, making the main body of community committee more clear, changing the administrative system of the street, determining the function of community neighborhood committees and community service stations; Macao community service, its main special points: the rich service items and the diversification of service subjects, and the non political affairs. The government group is the main force to provide community service. The government is less involved in community service, community service and grass-roots autonomy. Finally, it draws inspiration from the community service mode, such as adapting to the development of the metropolis community, formulating the scientific community planning, speeding up the construction of the rule of law in the community, promoting the transformation of community autonomy, and following the law of the market to strengthen non-profit organizations.
The fifth chapter, the thesis proposed the improvement of community service in Xi'an, such as training non-profit organizations, improving the type of new community service, clearing the three levels of community management, clarifying the responsibilities of all parties, improving community service system, promoting community residents' autonomy, improving the quality of community service personnel, building professional teams, and strengthening community planning science. Sex, ramming the foundation of community service development, accelerating the construction of community infrastructure, improving the living quality of the residents, improving the system of community service industrialization, solving the problem of development funds, perfecting the community service market system, enriching the content of community service, strengthening the community people's participation in community service consciousness, improving the feedback of community service information and docking. The people live in real life.

【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D669.3

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