民主式教学在思想政治课中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 16:14

本文选题：民主式教学 + 思想政治课　；参考：《东北师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会的发展,各领域、各阶层都展开了对历史、现状、未来的反思、探讨。教育,承载着为国家输送合格的建设者的重任,其改革势在必行。传统教学中存在着许多弊端,这早已是有目共睹,不少有识之士为探求新的出路从理论上和实践上进行了很多有意义的讨论和摸索,积累了不少的经验和教训。笔者选取民主教学这一逐渐被广泛接受的模式,阐述民主式教学的意义,分析可能遇到的问题,并以实例进行说明,旨在为教育改革提供一条有价值的思路。论文由以下几个部分组成: 引言部分:简述当前社会对教育改革的需求,针对传统教学中的存在弊端引出对民主式教学的探讨。第一部分是民主式教学的含义及其理论根据,分别从三个层次进行了阐述。首先,根据有关民主教育的思想,概括出民主式教学的含义,并对民主式教育所具有的平等性、主体性、开放性、愉悦性等特征进行阐述。其次,从卢梭的自然主义教育思想、杜威的民主主义教育思想、罗杰斯的人本主义教学理论梳理出民主式教学的理论渊源。再次,总结我国现代著名的教育家陶行知和当代著名教育改革家魏书生及李镇西老师的实例,介绍在我国实施民主式教学的实践基础。第二部分是讲在思想政治课中应用民主式教学的必要性,说明实施民主式教学的意义。民主式教学有着明显的优点:调动学生参与教学,提高其学习思想政治课的积极性;激发学生潜能,培养其创新能力;培养学生的民主意识,切实提高思想教育课的教学效果;推动教师对思想教育的方式、方法进行创新。第三部分主要讲了一下当前思想政治课教学的现状及其存在的问题,从三个角度概括了传统政治课教学存在的问题:课堂气氛沉闷大于活跃;教学目标应试多于应用;改革创新理论强于实践。第四部分针对当前思想政治课教学现状及其存在的问题,从五个方面讲述在思想政治课中进行民主式教学的具体实施策略:树立民主式教学的科学理念,强化理论对教学实践的指导;充分认识学生的个性差异,在教学中因材施教;运用灵活多变的教学方法,激发学生参与教学的热情;给予学生必要的知识和心理支撑,增强学生参与教学活动的信心;优化教学评价模式,激励学生积极进取;接受终身学习的思想,不断提高自身素质。第五部分以教学实例演示民主式教学在思想政治课中的应用。第六部分对于在思想政治课中进行民主式教学时应注意的问题进行探讨,俗话说:“教学有法,本无定法,贵在得法。”没有任何一种教学模式是万能的,可以包揽一切教学任务,民主式教学也不例外,在思想政治课中运用民主式教学也应注意可能存在的一些问题。如:为避免少数学生垄断课堂,需要调动每一位学生的主体意识;为避免课堂走向涣散,呼吁正确看待教师主导和学生主体等等。
[Abstract]:With the development of the society, all fields and strata have begun to reflect on the history, the present situation and the future. Education, carrying the burden of transporting qualified builders for the country, its reform is imperative. There are many disadvantages in traditional teaching, which is already obvious to all, many people of insight have carried out a lot of meaningful discussion and exploration in theory and practice, and accumulated a lot of experience and lessons in order to find a new way out. The author chooses the model of democratic teaching, which is gradually accepted widely, expounds the significance of democratic teaching, analyzes the problems that may be encountered, and explains it with an example, in order to provide a valuable way of thinking for the educational reform. The paper is composed of the following parts: introduction: brief introduction of the current social demand for educational reform, in view of the shortcomings of traditional teaching leads to the discussion of democratic teaching. The first part is the meaning of democratic teaching and its theoretical basis, respectively from three levels. Firstly, according to the thought of democratic education, the meaning of democratic teaching is summarized, and the characteristics of democratic education such as equality, subjectivity, openness and pleasure are expounded. Secondly, from Rousseau's naturalistic educational thought, Dewey's democratic educational thought and Rogers' humanistic teaching theory, the theoretical origin of democratic teaching is sorted out. Thirdly, the author summarizes the examples of modern famous educationist Tao Xingzhi and contemporary famous educational reformers Wei Shusheng and Li Zhenxi, and introduces the practical basis of implementing democratic teaching in our country. The second part is about the necessity of applying democratic teaching in ideological and political course, and explains the significance of implementing democratic teaching. The democratic teaching has obvious advantages: to arouse students' participation in teaching, to improve their enthusiasm in studying ideological and political courses, to stimulate students' potential, to cultivate their innovative ability, to cultivate students' democratic consciousness, and to improve the teaching effect of ideological education courses. To promote teachers' innovation in the ways and methods of ideological education. The third part mainly talks about the present situation of ideological and political course teaching and its existing problems, summarizes the problems of traditional political course teaching from three angles: the classroom atmosphere is more boring than active, the teaching goal is more than application; Reform and innovation theory is better than practice. In the fourth part, according to the current situation of ideological and political teaching and its existing problems, the author discusses the specific implementation strategies of democratic teaching in the ideological and political course from five aspects: establishing the scientific concept of democratic teaching, Strengthen the guidance of theory to teaching practice; fully understand students' personality differences, teach students according to their aptitude in teaching; use flexible teaching methods to stimulate students' enthusiasm to participate in teaching; give students necessary knowledge and psychological support. We should strengthen students' confidence in participating in teaching activities, optimize teaching evaluation mode, encourage students to make progress actively, accept the thought of lifelong learning, and improve their own quality constantly. The fifth part demonstrates the application of democratic teaching in ideological and political course with teaching examples. The sixth part discusses the problems that should be paid attention to when carrying out the democratic teaching in the ideological and political course. As the saying goes, "there is a law in teaching, but there is no way to determine it." No one kind of teaching mode is omnipotent, it can take on all teaching tasks, and democratic teaching is no exception. The application of democratic teaching in ideological and political teaching should also pay attention to some possible problems. For example, in order to avoid a few students monopolizing the classroom, it is necessary to mobilize the subject consciousness of each student, and to avoid the slackening of the classroom, it is necessary to call for a correct view of teacher-led and student-oriented, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D64-4

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