拓宽司法与民意的沟通空间

发布时间：2018-07-04 16:24

本文选题：法庭之友 + 公益诉讼　；参考：《兰州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着改革开放的不断深入和权利意识的增强,公众对司法公正和司法民主的的企盼日益高涨。与此同时,2012年通过的《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法修正案》第九条首次在国家立法层面对环境公益诉讼做出明确规定,具有深远的意义,也彰显了我国法治建设向“以人为本”和“权利本位”理念迈进的重大进步。适格主体为了维护社会公共利益而提起公益诉讼,关注公益诉讼的社会公众通过“法庭之友”制度向法庭提交书状以表达意见和补充信息,程序化的司法参与机制既是深化司法民主化改革的必要举措,也是克服公共舆论的盲目性和非理性的最佳途径,让公众去说服公众比单纯去强调司法权威、强调舆论不得干扰司法来得更为有效。本文通过比较研究法、实证分析法等研究方法,分为四个部分展开研究：第一部分主要阐述“法庭之友”的词源演变及该制度在英美国家和国际组织的实际运作状况。第二部分析“法庭之友”制度引入公益诉讼的实践诉求。面对司法与民意的博弈,法院既不能无原则地一昧妥协,也不能消极噤声或被动应对,而应适度开放传统的封闭程序,主动争取和合理吸纳民意。第三部分重点分析将“法庭之友”制度引入我国公益诉讼的理论基础。在公益诉讼中构建“法庭之友”制度,拓宽渠道满足各种利益主体的多层次需求,使民主时代公众中所秉持的正义良知与司法的职业理性形成最大共识,是置身于现代化进程拐点的中国法院不能推卸的责任。第四部分提出在公益诉讼中引入“法庭之友”的具体设想,包括宏观方面的法律安排以及微观方面的技术设计,构建“法庭之友”的适用主体、适用范围、启动机制及配套措施等,以此拓宽司法与民意的沟通空间,弥补我国现有司法制度的不足。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of reform and opening up and the strengthening of the consciousness of right, the public's expectation of judicial justice and judicial democracy is rising day by day. At the same time, Article 9 of the Amendment to the Civil procedure Law of the people's Republic of China, adopted in 2012, for the first time explicitly stipulates environmental public interest litigation at the national legislative level, which has far-reaching significance. It also demonstrates the great progress of the construction of rule of law towards the concept of "people-oriented" and "right-based". In order to protect the public interest, the suitably subject filed a public interest lawsuit. The public concerned about the public interest litigation submitted a pleadings to the court through the amicus curiae system to express their opinions and supplementary information. The procedural judicial participation mechanism is not only the necessary measure to deepen the reform of judicial democratization, but also the best way to overcome the blindness and irrationality of public opinion. It is more effective to emphasize that public opinion should not interfere with the administration of justice. This thesis is divided into four parts through comparative research and empirical analysis. The first part mainly expounds the etymological evolution of amicus curiae and the actual operation of the system in Anglo-American countries and international organizations. The second part analyzes the practical appeal of the introduction of amicus curiae system into public interest litigation. In the face of the game between judicature and public opinion, the court can neither compromise unprincipled nor passively silence or respond passively, but should appropriately open the traditional closed procedure and actively strive for and reasonably absorb public opinion. The third part focuses on the theoretical basis of introducing amicus curiae system into public interest litigation in China. To construct the amicus curiae system in public interest litigation, to broaden the channels to meet the multi-level needs of various interest subjects, and to form the greatest consensus between the just conscience and the professional rationality of justice held by the public in the democratic era. It is the responsibility that the Chinese courts cannot shirk at the inflection point of the modernization process. The fourth part puts forward the concrete idea of introducing amicus curiae into public interest litigation, including macroscopic legal arrangement and microcosmic technical design, and constructs the subject and scope of application of amicus curiae. In order to widen the communication space between judicature and public opinion and make up the deficiency of our country's current judicial system, we should start up the mechanism and supporting measures.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D925.1

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