中国传统法治观的流变与重塑
发布时间：2018-12-21 12:20
【摘要】：在中国传统礼治秩序中,社会地位与社会关系总是处于优先地位,显然不利于实现社会公正;法家注重客观性,避免主观随意性,故更具合理性。然而,随着汉代以来的礼法合流,法家控制社会、民众的技术性的一面得到强化,而法家的"真精神"则被长期遮蔽。这主要表现在:其一,在礼治秩序中,法的客观性逐渐为人之主观性所吞噬,由此形成"人情即法"的传统;其二,原本在法家那里具有一定平等精神的"法"蜕变为维护尊卑等级的工具;其三,权利与义务的分离,即一部分人尽情享受着"没有义务的权利",而另一部分人则被迫履行着"没有权利的义务"。历史警示我们,治理国家不能对人性存有丝毫的侥幸,底线和标准只能有一个,那就是对"规则"的共同恪守与尊重,这应是先秦法家留给我们的最大财富和启示。在当下,只有秉承理性精神,并实现从关系型社会向契约型社会、从国家本位到个体本位、从权力至上到法律至上的转变,才能真正从人治走向法治。
[Abstract]:In the Chinese traditional order of rule of etiquette, social status and social relations are always in the first place, which is obviously not conducive to the realization of social justice; the legalists pay more attention to objectivity and avoid subjective arbitrariness, so they are more reasonable. However, with the confluence of etiquette and law since the Han Dynasty, the legalists controlled the society, the technical aspect of the people was strengthened, and the "true spirit" of the Legalists was obscured for a long time. This is mainly manifested in: first, in the order of rule of etiquette, the objectivity of law is gradually swallowed up by the subjectivity of human beings, thus forming the tradition of "human feeling is law"; Secondly, the "law", which originally had a certain spirit of equality in the Legalists, was transformed into a tool to maintain the inferiority level; Third, the separation of rights and obligations, that is, some people enjoy "rights without obligations", while others are forced to perform "obligations without rights". History warns us that governing the country can not have the slightest luck to human nature, the bottom line and standard can only have one, that is, the "rules" to abide by and respect, this should be the greatest wealth and inspiration left to us by the pre-Qin legalists. At present, only by adhering to the spirit of reason, and realizing the transformation from the relationship society to the contractual society, from the state standard to the individual standard, from the power supreme to the law supremacy, can the rule of law really move from the rule of man to the rule of law.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学哲学院;
【基金】：中国人民大学科学研究基金重大项目“中美日管理文化的比较与融合研究”(15XNL033) “统筹支持一流大学和一流学科建设专项”经费支持
【分类号】：D920.0
本文编号：2388905
[Abstract]:In the Chinese traditional order of rule of etiquette, social status and social relations are always in the first place, which is obviously not conducive to the realization of social justice; the legalists pay more attention to objectivity and avoid subjective arbitrariness, so they are more reasonable. However, with the confluence of etiquette and law since the Han Dynasty, the legalists controlled the society, the technical aspect of the people was strengthened, and the "true spirit" of the Legalists was obscured for a long time. This is mainly manifested in: first, in the order of rule of etiquette, the objectivity of law is gradually swallowed up by the subjectivity of human beings, thus forming the tradition of "human feeling is law"; Secondly, the "law", which originally had a certain spirit of equality in the Legalists, was transformed into a tool to maintain the inferiority level; Third, the separation of rights and obligations, that is, some people enjoy "rights without obligations", while others are forced to perform "obligations without rights". History warns us that governing the country can not have the slightest luck to human nature, the bottom line and standard can only have one, that is, the "rules" to abide by and respect, this should be the greatest wealth and inspiration left to us by the pre-Qin legalists. At present, only by adhering to the spirit of reason, and realizing the transformation from the relationship society to the contractual society, from the state standard to the individual standard, from the power supreme to the law supremacy, can the rule of law really move from the rule of man to the rule of law.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学哲学院;
【基金】：中国人民大学科学研究基金重大项目“中美日管理文化的比较与融合研究”(15XNL033) “统筹支持一流大学和一流学科建设专项”经费支持
【分类号】：D920.0
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