列宁的党内民主思想：认识与启示

发布时间：2019-03-02 16:15

【摘要】：列宁是世界上第一个社会主义国家的领导人,在领导俄国人民进行革命与建设的过程中,长期对党内民主进行了不懈地探索与实践,形成了自己独特的党内民主思想。列宁的党内民主思想具有深厚的理论基础与理论来源,它是在以马克思、恩格斯的党内民主思想为基础,同时批判性地吸取其他社会主义者,特别是罗莎·卢森堡的党内民主思想的过程中逐步形成与发展起来的。列宁的党内民主思想是那个时代的产物,随历史条件的变化而变化,在不同时期有不同的侧重点。就其发展历程而言,它可以分为以下几个时期：“集中制”时期、“民主集中制”时期、“极端集中制”时期、“工人民主制”时期、“政治遗嘱”时期的思想。其思想主要包括以下几个方面的内容：党内选举制与罢免制、党的代表大会制、党的集体领导制、党的监督制、党内民主应当加强文化建设、党内民主应当与一定的社会历史条件相适应等。列宁的党内民主思想是马克思主义民主理论的重要组成部分,丰富发展了马克思恩格斯的党内民主思想,对中国共产党在新的历史时期开展党内民主建设具有重要借鉴意义。不可否认,受历史条件的限制,列宁的党内民主思想又难免有其历史局限性。我们应当根据党内民主建设所处的新的社会历史条件,在借鉴列宁的党内民主思想的同时,勇于超越列宁的党内民主思想,积极稳妥地推进党内民主建设。具体而言,应重点在党的选举制、党的代表大会制、党的监督制以及相关的思想文化建设等方面,在继承列宁党内民主思想既有成就的基础上有所发展、有所创新。
[Abstract]:Lenin is the leader of the first socialist country in the world. In the course of leading the Russian people to carry on the revolution and construction, Lenin has carried on unremitting exploration and practice to the inner-party democracy for a long time, and has formed his own unique inner-party democratic thought. Lenin's thought of inner-party democracy has a profound theoretical basis and theoretical source. It is based on Marx and Engels' inner-party democratic thought, while critically absorbing other socialists. Rosa Luxembourg in particular in the process of inner-party democratic thinking gradually formed and developed. Lenin's thought of inner-party democracy was the product of that era, which changed with the change of historical conditions and had different emphases in different periods. As far as its development process is concerned, it can be divided into the following periods: the period of "centralism", the period of "democratic centralism", the period of "extreme centralism", the period of "worker democracy", and the period of "political will". His thoughts mainly include the following aspects: the inner-party election system and the recall system, the party's representative Congress system, the party's collective leadership system, the party's supervision system, and the inner-party democracy should strengthen cultural construction. Inner-party democracy should be adapted to certain social and historical conditions. Lenin's thought of inner-party democracy is an important part of Marxist democratic theory. It enriches Marx and Engels' thought of inner-party democracy and is of great significance for the Communist Party of China to carry out the construction of inner-party democracy in the new historical period. It is undeniable that Lenin's thought of inner-party democracy has its historical limitations due to the restriction of historical conditions. According to the new social and historical conditions of the inner-party democratic construction, we should learn from Lenin's inner-party democratic thought, and dare to transcend Lenin's inner-party democratic thought and promote the inner-party democratic construction actively and steadily. Specifically, we should focus on the party's election system, the party's representative Congress system, the party's supervision system and the related ideological and cultural construction, on the basis of inheriting Lenin's inner-party democratic thought.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D262.11;A821

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