法治视野下行政调解制度的定位与价值分析

发布时间：2019-04-04 17:48

【摘要】：在构建社会主义和谐社会的背景下,行政调解制度作为一种以行政机关为主体来解决行政纠纷、民事纠纷的一种有效措施,有着不可替代的作用。随着社会转型、社会纠纷日益复杂、以及诉讼高潮的到来等因素,都对灵活、有效的行政调解制度有着强烈的需求。然而,我国的行政调解制度无论是在理论研究还是在立法方面都存在较大的缺陷性和滞后性。因而需要从理论和实际上进一步的探索和考量。本文从法理学的角度对行政调解制度进行研究,试图将从行政调解制度的沿革、现状、理论基础、价值四个方面进行梳理和刻画,并提出一些法律构想。本文的包括四个部分,第一部分是行政调解制度的概念分析与发展背景,其中分为三点来阐述,即：行政调解的内涵解析；我国行政调解制度的历史发展；国外行政调解制度的发展与借鉴。文章的第二部分分析了行政调解制度的现状和法理基础。其中分为两点来阐述：从立法现状和运行现状对行政调解制度进行现状分析；从行政调解制度的理论基础、与其他行政制度的比较、“三位一体”大调解体系中的行政调解这三个方面来论述其法理基础。本文的第三部分是行政调解制度的法价值分析,也是本文的重点,包括三方面的内容,第一方面为：调和社会矛盾,实现高效行政管理目的,从重塑秩序理念化解社会矛盾和提高行政效能节约行政管理成本两个角度来论述；第二方面为：协调利益冲突,寻求多元利益的动态平衡,从我国现阶段利益协调的需求和行政调解协调利益的优越性两个角度来论述；第三个方面为：转变政府职能,塑造责任政府形象,从法的强制力变化与政府职能的转变以及改善管理方式以塑造责任政府形象两个角度来论述。第四部分是完善行政调解制度的法律构想,该部分的思路是按照由总的立法指导为基准,再根据两种不同类型的行政调解分别进行立法建议,即：设立一般性的行政调解法律规范、对行政过程中的调解进行完善、对解决特定纠纷所设立的行政调解的完善。在2010年10月国务院颁布了《关于加快推进法治政府建设的意见》中明确提出了要依法化解社会矛盾纠纷。指出建立健全社会矛盾纠纷调解裁决制度,首次明确提出要“抓紧建立行政调解制度和机制,科学界定行政调解范围,规范行政调解行为,明确行政调解协议的法律效力,有效发挥行政机关调解民事纠纷的作用。”由此我们可以看出政府已经开始重视行政调解制度的建设,该制度具较为宽广的应用前景,相信行政调解制度不仅会对我国社会的发展和稳定有着积极的意义,而且会对社会纠纷的解决做出突出的贡献。本文以期对行政调解制度的发展献绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:Under the background of constructing socialist harmonious society, administrative mediation system plays an irreplaceable role as an effective measure to solve administrative disputes and civil disputes with administrative organs as the main body. With the social transformation, increasingly complex social disputes, and the arrival of litigation climax and other factors, there is a strong demand for flexible and effective administrative mediation system. However, the administrative mediation system in our country has great defect and lag in both theoretical research and legislation. Therefore, there is a need for further exploration and consideration from both theoretical and practical aspects. This paper studies the administrative mediation system from the angle of jurisprudence, and tries to sort out and describe the administrative mediation system from four aspects: its evolution, present situation, theoretical basis and value, and puts forward some legal ideas. This paper includes four parts. The first part is the concept analysis and development background of administrative mediation system, which is divided into three parts: the connotation analysis of administrative mediation, the historical development of administrative mediation system in China, and the development of administrative mediation system in China. The development and reference of foreign administrative mediation system. The second part of the article analyzes the current situation and legal basis of administrative mediation system. It is divided into two points: analyzing the current situation of the administrative mediation system from the legislative status and the operating situation; From the theoretical basis of administrative mediation system, compared with other administrative systems, this paper discusses the legal basis of administrative mediation in the "Trinity" mediation system. The third part of this paper is the analysis of the legal value of the administrative mediation system, and is also the focus of this paper, including three aspects of the content. The first aspect is: reconciling social contradictions, achieving the purpose of efficient administrative management, From the reconstruction of the concept of order to resolve social contradictions and improve administrative efficiency to save administrative costs two angles to discuss; The second aspect is: to coordinate the conflict of interests, to seek the dynamic balance of multiple interests, from the needs of interest coordination and the superiority of the interests of administrative mediation at the present stage of our country to discuss; The third aspect is to change the function of government, to shape the image of responsible government, to discuss it from two angles: the change of force of law and the change of government function, and the improvement of management mode in order to shape the image of responsible government. The fourth part is the legal conception of perfecting the administrative mediation system. The idea of this part is to make legislative recommendations according to the general legislative guidance and according to the two different types of administrative mediation. That is, to establish a general legal norm of administrative mediation, to perfect the mediation in the administrative process, and to perfect the administrative mediation established by the settlement of specific disputes. In October 2010, the State Council promulgated the opinions on speeding up the Construction of a Government ruled by Law, which clearly proposed to resolve social contradictions and disputes in accordance with the law. Pointing out that we should establish and improve the adjudication system of mediation of social contradictions and disputes, and for the first time clearly put forward the need to "speed up the establishment of the system and mechanism of administrative mediation, scientifically define the scope of administrative mediation, standardize the conduct of administrative mediation, and clarify the legal effect of administrative mediation agreements To give full play to the role of administrative organs in mediating civil disputes. " From this we can see that the government has begun to attach importance to the construction of the administrative mediation system, which has a relatively broad application prospects. I believe that the administrative mediation system will not only have a positive significance for the development and stability of our society, And will make a prominent contribution to the settlement of social disputes. This paper aims to contribute a little to the development of administrative mediation system.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D925.3

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