社会保障、自我保障与居民生活质量——基于居民消费视角的实证

发布时间：2018-01-22 18:38

本文关键词： 社会保障自我保障跨期资产配置消费贷款生活质量居民消费　出处：《四川理工学院学报(社会科学版)》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：我国经济结构正处于转型的关键期,也是社会矛盾的多发期,完善的保障制度是化解社会矛盾、稳定社会秩序的重要保证。为此必须建立多层次多样性的保障体系,这是提高居民生活质量、保障民生的必然选择。文章从理论上梳理了社会保障、自我保障、资产跨期配置"三轮驱动"影响居民生活质量的逻辑机理,认为从经济层面看,居民的生活质量是与居民幸福相关的一个概念,而幸福与效用满足程度有关,居民消费是满足消费者效用的主要路径。这一逻辑的理论归纳为本文的实证研究奠定了基础,在这一理论支撑下,运用2000-2014年省级城镇居民面板数据,沿着从被动性保障到主动性保障的主线,以社会保障、自我保障、跨期资产配置为核心解释变量进行了实证研究。研究发现:社会保障与自我保障对我国城镇居民生活质量影响几乎相当,但存在明显的区域差异,东部地区居民生活质量受自我保障影响较大,而中西部地区居民则对社会保障依赖较大;跨期资产配置保障并未帮助城镇居民提高生活质量,这可能跟"低收入者"是当前我国消费贷款主力军有关;居民主动性收入高低、生活习惯是通过消费进而影响生活质量的重要因素,但较高教育水平却并未给居民带来高品质的生活,而且越是经济发达地区这一现象越明显。根据这些研究结论,提出的政策建议为:我国现阶段要全面覆盖社会保障的"兜底"功能以保障人民的基本生存权;鼓励居民多渠道筹措资金,积极提升自我保障能力,从而提升生活质量;要合理适度的发展消费信贷,通过资产跨期配置平滑生命周期内生活质量的时间差异;完善收入分配机制与制度,形成全社会尊重劳动,激励居民通过各种智力与非智力劳动来创造幸福,从而提升生活质量。
[Abstract]:China's economic structure is in a critical period of transformation, but also the frequent period of social contradictions, the perfect security system is to resolve social contradictions. To stabilize the social order, we must establish a multi-level and diversified security system, which is an inevitable choice to improve the quality of life of residents and ensure the people's livelihood. The article theoretically combs the social security, self-security. The logical mechanism of the "three-wheel drive" of asset allocation affects residents' quality of life. It is considered that the residents' quality of life is a concept related to residents' happiness, and happiness is related to the degree of utility satisfaction. Consumer consumption is the main way to satisfy the consumer utility. This logical theory has laid the foundation for the empirical research in this paper, under the support of this theory. Using the provincial residents panel data from 2000 to 2014, along the main line from passive security to active protection, to social security, self-protection. The empirical study shows that social security and self-protection have almost the same impact on the quality of life of urban residents in China, but there are obvious regional differences. The quality of life of the residents in the eastern region is greatly affected by self-security, while the residents in the central and western regions are more dependent on social security. Intertemporal asset allocation has not helped urban residents to improve their quality of life, which may be related to the fact that "low-income people" are the main force of consumer loans in China at present. Residents' active income and living habits are the important factors that affect the quality of life through consumption, but the higher education level does not bring the residents a high quality of life. According to the conclusions of these studies, the policy recommendations put forward are: our country should fully cover the "bottom" function of social security at the present stage to ensure the people's basic right to exist; Encourage residents to raise funds through multiple channels to actively enhance their ability to protect themselves and thus improve the quality of life; To develop consumption credit reasonably and moderately, the time difference of life quality in life cycle should be smoothed through asset allocation; Improve the income distribution mechanism and system, form the whole society respect labor, encourage residents to create happiness through all kinds of intellectual and non-intellectual labor, so as to improve the quality of life.
【作者单位】：甘肃政法学院经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金资助项目(13XMZ030)
【分类号】：D632.1
【正文快照】： 一、问题提出目前,我国经济正处于结构转型的关键期,也是社会矛盾的突发期,做好居民生活保障工作是事关居民福祉、生存权利、全面建成小康社会的关键。更是扩大居民消费需求,实现经济结构转型和供给侧结构改革的内在保障和动力。改革开放以来,我国经济发展取得了巨大成就,综合

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